Let that sink in for a moment.

You only get to eat animal foods. No fruits. No vegetables. But all the burgers and rib-eye steaks you can get your claws on.

Most people have one of two reactions to this. A) “Are you out of your fucking mind?” Or B) “Sign me up!”

Of all the trends that buck conventional nutrition advice, the carnivore diet may seem like the most radical one yet. It’s one thing to recommend cutting carbs (the ketogenic diet) or eating only plant foods (the vegan diet), but to suggest that animal foods are all you need to be healthy, and that vegetables can actually be detrimental to health is a giant punch in the face to everything we were taught in school and all the recent nutrition and health headlines.

After all, everyone knows that meat is dangerous, especially if you eat a lot of it… right? And that you need at least five servings of fruits and vegetables per day… Or do you?

Well, Onnit investigated the carnivore diet down to the marrow, and found out what happens to your body when you consume animals and nothing else. Here’s our guide to eating meat, bones, and organs for better health. (Spoiler alert: it’s not as crazy as it sounds.)

The Carnivore Diet For Humans

Animals with big teeth and short digestive tracts are meant to eat meat. But what about people? We’re omnivores. Is an all-animal diet even possible for us?

According to Brian St. Pierre, R.D., Director of Performance Nutrition at Precision Nutrition, an education and consulting company (precisionnutrition.com), plant foods aren’t absolutely required in the human diet. “What do we actually need to live? We need protein, fat, and vitamins and minerals in certain amounts,” says St. Pierre. Animal foods—and meat, specifically—can arguably cover those needs (see “Does The Carnivore Diet Create Nutrient Deficiencies?” below). That certainly doesn’t mean that we shouldn’t eat plants, but, from a nutrition standpoint, it isn’t vital that we do, at least for short-term health.

The thing is, though, aside from some isolated tribal people in far corners of the world (such as the Inuits of arctic regions), few people have ever tried to live on animals alone. Those who have did so simply because no other sources of food were available. However, the carnivore diet (also called a zero-carb diet) has recently caught fire. And people are following it by choice!

Why? For many of the same reasons people try a ketogenic diet: weight loss, clearer thinking, fewer digestive problems, and a simple approach to eating that lets them consume foods they enjoy. It may also offer performance benefits. Though scrapping all plant foods seems like a severe step, it instantly removes nearly all of the allergens and antinutrients that some people find cause health problems and discomfort, and, as with ketogenic diets, the lack of carbs alone can offer a range of advantages.

With his appearance on the Joe Rogan Experience podcast in late 2017, and his promotion through the website nequalsmany.com and Instagram (@shawnbaker1967), Shawn Baker is the most famous proponent of the carnivore diet. An orthopedic surgeon and lifelong drug-free athlete, Baker is in his 50s, ripped, and a physical marvel, having recently set two indoor rowing world records. He claims to have eaten only animal products—limiting himself mainly to rib-eye steaks—for more than a year, while suffering no ill health effects and watching his gains in the gym soar.

He hosts an ongoing and informal experiment, encouraging anyone who’s willing to follow the diet to record his/her experience with it, but admits that he hasn’t had his own health officially appraised since he started eating animals only. Rogan, in fact, cringed during their interview when Baker confessed that he hadn’t had any blood work done to check where his cholesterol, triglycerides, and inflammation markers rated. Fortunately, other (human) carnivores have been tested.

But before we discuss the health effects of a carnivorous lifestyle, let’s define exactly what it entails.

Carnivore Diet Food List

The carnivore diet consists of animal foods alone. As long as the constituents of your meal walked, crawled, flew, swam, or otherwise had parents, they’re fair game (no pun intended). You don’t have to follow any rules as far as food timing, macronutrient breakdowns, or portions. Simply eat when you’re hungry and until you’re full. The following are examples of approved carnivore diet foods.

Meat

Steak, burgers, and red meat in general are the main food sources for carnivore dieters. Because you’re not eating carbs—or any plant foods at all—it’s crucial that you get enough calories to keep your energy up, so fattier cuts of meat are best. Poultry and organ meats are also fine, as are processed meat products such as bacon and sausage.

Fish

Any kind is OK, but again, fattier types such as salmon and sardines are the smartest choices.

Whole Eggs

You’ll need the fat in those yolks.

Dairy

Milk, cheese, yogurt, and butter all come from animals and are technically admissible, although most carnivore dieters seem to omit or at least limit them. This is usually due to people discovering the carnivore diet as an outgrowth of the ketogenic diet, in which milk and yogurt are generally not permitted due to their lactose (sugar) content. (See “What’s The Difference Between The Carnivore Diet and The Ketogenic Diet?” below.)

As one of the goals of a carnivore diet is to eliminate nutrients that your body may not be able to process optimally (see “Carnivore Diet Benefits”), you should experiment with dairy foods one at a time and in small doses to see how you handle them. You may find you feel better with none at all.

Bone Marrow

Bone broth is allowed.

Fatty Meat Products

Tallow, lard, and other fat-dense foods derived from meat are greenlit.

Note: Baker doesn’t believe that your food needs to meet USDA organic, pasture-raised or wild-caught standards. However, we do. If you choose to follow the carnivore diet, or consume animal products as a cornerstone of whatever eating philosophy you follow, we strongly suggest that they be of the best quality that you can afford. See our discussion of organic foods in our rebuttal to the documentary What The Health.

Condiments

Salt and pepper are your friends here, as salsa, horseradish, mustard, and various herbs and spices don’t technically qualify. With that said, most sugar-free condiments don’t contain substances that cause digestive problems in most folks, so we don’t see any harm in using them just because they come from plants (especially since people typically enjoy condiments in small servings). With that said, due to its fat content, meat—particularly red meat—is quite flavorful on its own, so you’ll probably find that salt, pepper, or small amounts of butter provide the taste you want without the need for further add-ons.

Supplements

None. Although products such as whey protein and creatine come from animals, there’s virtually no need to supplement with them in this case. Eating animal foods exclusively pretty much guarantees you’ll meet your daily protein needs, and relying on red meat, which is rich in creatine naturally, leaves little reason for further supplementation.

Carnivore dieters who work out do report consuming coffee or caffeine supplements for an energy boost pre-exercise (in spite of the fact that it isn’t an animal product). If you’re concerned that you’re not getting enough micronutrients from your food, a multi-vitamin/mineral supplement may be a good idea.

What’s The Difference Between The Carnivore Diet and The Ketogenic Diet?

The carnivore diet and ketogenic diet both permit protein and fat while restricting carbs, but the carnivore approach is considerably more extreme. Because you aren’t eating any plant foods at all, your carb intake is virtually zero. This isn’t to say that your body won’t have carbs in it though. As with a keto diet, the body learns to make its own carbs to fuel activity in a process called gluconeogenesis. So while the carnivore diet may also be called a “zero-carb” plan, that’s somewhat of a misnomer.

In a ketogenic diet, the emphasis is on fat. Protein is limited in order to prevent excess gluconeogenesis, which can take a person out of ketosis. In the carnivore diet, however, you’re encouraged to eat both protein and fat liberally. As a result, depending on exactly what foods you eat and how much, you may or may not achieve technical ketosis following a carnivore plan. Whether you do or don’t doesn’t matter. The only goal is feeling better and getting healthier.

Unlike with keto, there are no clear guidelines to follow for the carnivore diet regarding macros or percentages of total calories. Because the diet has never been formally studied, there is no hard science to define how to set it up optimally. But Baker and other carnivore dieters seem to agree that relying on red meat makes the diet simple to follow and takes care of every nutritional need.

Remember that your food must be sourced from animals, so the avocados and coconut oil that typically abound on a ketogenic diet have no place in the carnivore plan. On the other hand, you can eat any animal foods you like in any amount or combination you prefer.

Dairy foods containing sugar, such as milk and yogurt, are generally not found in a keto diet plan, but may be included in a carnivore one, even though they contain some carbs.

See the table below for a quick comparison you can use as a reference guide.

*The classic, medically-defined ketogenic diet calls for only five percent of calories to come from carbs, but there are many versions of the diet (including the Mod Keto Diet described HERE) that allow for more and are more appropriate for athletes and active people whose energy needs are greater.

Carnivore Diet Benefits

Eating meat, meat, and more meat may sound like a nightmare to your doctor, but it has some strong advantages backed both anecdotally and by research.

1. Weight Loss

On an all-meat diet? Most people’s first reaction is that you’d get fat, but that’s highly unlikely. As with the ketogenic diet, failing to take in carbs keeps your blood sugar low at all times. You don’t get insulin spikes, so your body has no reason to store incoming calories as body fat. Additionally, the limitations on what you can eat make it almost impossible to get a calorie surplus without a concerted effort.

Ryan Munsey, a performance coach with a degree in food science and human nutrition (ryanmunsey.com), has been on a ketogenic diet for years. Last fall, he experimented with the carnivore diet for 35 days. “I wasn’t trying to lose weight,” he says, “but I went from 188 to 183 pounds in the first week.” Despite the weight loss and the severely restricted food list, Munsey says he never felt the least bit hungry—probably because protein and fat are highly satiating nutrients. To put weight back on, Munsey found that he had to discipline himself to eat two to four pounds of meat daily. “It wasn’t like I was stuffing myself, but it did feel weird at first to eat so much meat.”

If you’re the type who absent-mindedly noshes on nuts, pretzels, or other snack foods, taking in hundreds of calories without even noticing, the carnivore diet can help keep you in check. “You have to be truly hungry to eat,” says Munsey. It may be easy to throw handfuls of popcorn down your gullet, but you can’t accidentally eat a hamburger or cook a steak. You’ll get in the habit of eating only when you need to, and taking in just enough to keep you satisfied. “You learn the difference between physiological hunger and mindless eating,” says Munsey.

Also, though it wasn’t his goal, Munsey’s body stayed in a low level of ketosis throughout the five-week diet (he tested ketone levels to know for sure). “Most people in the keto camp would say if you eat more than a pound of meat a day you’re not going to be in ketosis,” says Munsey. “But I ate up to four pounds a day and I was.”

2. Better Heart Health

First of all, as we explained in our defense of coconut oil last summer, there’s still no clear link between the consumption of saturated fat and heart disease. There is also a solid pile of evidence that saturated fat can potentially improve heart health. Munsey himself found that to be the case.

A few months before starting his carnivore diet experiment, Munsey’s blood work revealed that his total cholesterol was 180mg/dL, his HDL level (frequently called the “good” cholesterol) was 57, and his LDL (the so-called “bad” cholesterol) was 123. All good scores. After 35 days of carnivore dieting, he had his numbers checked again.

His total cholesterol climbed to 241mg/dL. While many doctors consider anything over 200 to be too high, part of the reason was the increase in his HDL—it went up 10 points. His LDL went to 162, but his VLDL levels—considered a major marker for heart disease risk—were measured at 12, which is extremely low.

The Mayo Clinic says your cholesterol ratio is a better risk predictor than total cholesterol or LDL. To find it, you divide your total cholesterol number by your HDL score. That gives Munsey a ratio of 3.6 to 1. As 3.4 is considered optimal, he’s in a very healthy range.

Another thing about cholesterol: even though higher LDL numbers are seen as risky, the type of LDL particles you have shuttling through your arteries is most important. If they’re small and dense, they’re considered more dangerous than if they’re bigger and “fluffier.” Therefore, two people with the same LDL value could be at very different levels of risk.

According to the Cooper Institute, a good way to determine what kind of LDL particles you have is to find your ratio of triglycerides to HDL cholesterol. The lower the ratio, the less the risk. Munsey’s triglycerides came in at 59mg/dL, making his triglyceride-to-HDL ratio less than 1, which is exceptional.

Of course, Munsey followed the diet for a very short time, so it’s impossible to predict what would happen to his body long-term, but it should ease your fears about the dangers of meat for the cardiovascular system. Five weeks of eating cow parts didn’t give him a heart attack. In fact, it seemed to reduce his chances of having one. (For more on what he ate specifically, see “Does The Carnivore Diet Create Nutrient Deficiencies?”).

If you don’t believe us, or Munsey, see his official blood lab, direct from his doctor, below.

3. Lower Inflammation

According to some vegans, fat-rich animal foods promote inflammation to a degree that’s on par with smoking cigarettes. The truth, however, is that they can actually lower it. A 2013 study in the journal Metabolism compared subjects who ate a high-fat, low-carb diet to those following a low-fat, high-carb diet. Calories were restricted in both groups, but the high-fat eaters had lower markers of systemic inflammation after 12 weeks. As a result, the researchers concluded that high-fat eating may be more beneficial to cardiovascular health.

The liver produces C-reactive proteins (CRP) in response to inflammation, so measuring CRP levels can indicate how much inflammation is in your system. A level of 10mg/L or less is normal, and 1mg/L or less is good. Munsey’s CRP score post-diet was incredibly low: 0.34.

Simply cutting plant foods from your menu can lower inflammation by itself. “If you had a food sensitivity to some of the plants you were eating and had low-grade inflammation,” says Brian St. Pierre of Precision Nutrition, “then removing them will make you feel better.”

Lower inflammation can mean less achy joints. Plus: “There’s some evidence that eating more gelatinous proteins, as you find in bone broth, collagen, and gelatin,” says St. Pierre, “can improve cartilage health.” This is discussed further in our guide to bone broth.

4. Higher Testosterone

Diets high in fat have been shown to boost testosterone levels. In fact, a study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition found that men who followed a high-fat, low-fiber diet for 10 weeks had 13% higher total testosterone than subjects who ate low fat and high fiber. It’s no surprise then that Munsey’s total testosterone levels leaped from 495 ng/dL to 569. Not bad for age 33. “I was pitching a tent first thing every morning,” he says.

5. Fewer Digestive Problems

We’ve been told how important it is to eat fiber our whole lives, and have been sold everything from bran muffins to Metamucil to make sure we get enough. But carnivore dieters think it’s more trouble than it’s worth, and science may prove them right.

A 2012 study in the World Journal of Gastroenterology investigated the effects of reducing fiber intake in people with chronic constipation—the complete opposite of what most doctors would recommend. Subjects were told to consume no fiber whatsoever for two weeks. Then they were allowed to increase their fiber intake to a level they were comfortable with, or follow a high-fiber diet. Incredibly, most of the subjects were doing so well that they opted to continue on the zero-fiber plan. The study lasted six months.

Those who ate high fiber reported no change in their condition, but those who ate no or small amounts of fiber noted significant improvements in their symptoms—including reduced gas, bloating, and straining. Furthermore, the ones on zero fiber actually increased the frequency of their bowel movements!

The reason fiber-filled eating could be problematic for the gut isn’t clear, but carnivore dieters blame certain compounds in plant foods as the source of digestive issues. They cite the book The Plant Paradox, by Steven R. Gundry, M.D., which argues that the natural defense mechanisms that plants contain to dissuade predators cause bloating, gas, and other digestive distress that may make them not worth eating for humans. Lectins, gluten, and phytic acid—common in fruits, greens, beans, grains, nuts, and seeds—can contribute to inflammation and auto-immune disorders such as IBS, Leaky Gut, and more. While this is a controversial opinion (see “Reasons The Carnivore Diet Might Still Be Totally F@#$ing Crazy”), it does provide an explanation for why carnivore dieters claim to feel better than they did eating plants.

“We’ve been told for so long that you need all this fiber,” says Munsey. “But maybe you don’t. Maybe you don’t need any. The carnivore diet challenges what we think we know.”

6. Increased Mental Clarity

Just as with the ketogenic diet, carnivore dieters report thinking more clearly and having better focus almost right away. Again, as with going keto, there is a break-in period where your body has to figure out how to fuel your system without carbs, so you’ll probably feel lethargic and moody at first. You may have difficulty sleeping and even develop bad breath (an early sign that your body is making ketones), but you can ride it out. Within a few days, or just over a week, you could feel sharper than ever. Perhaps even better than if you were doing a standard ketogenic diet (see “The Carnivore Diet for Athletes”). “By the second week, your system comes online,” says Munsey.

7. Simpler Dieting

There’s one thing about the carnivore diet that no one can argue: it’s not complicated. You eat animal foods when you’re hungry, and that’s it. If you’re the type of person who gets confused counting calories or macros, is tired of weighing portions on a food scale, or isn’t sure what’s gluten-free and what isn’t, a carnivore diet will all but relieve you of having to think.

“I started by trying to eat one rib-eye in the morning and one in the afternoon, or the equivalent amount of protein and fat,” says Munsey. “It worked out to be about a pound of meat in the morning and then two in the afternoon. I never measured anything or tracked ratios.” It’s also worth noting that Munsey prefers to follow an intermittent fasting style of eating, having his first meal between 10 a.m. and 12 p.m. and his second between 3 and 5 p.m. But you don’t have to.

“As far as your lifestyle goes, it’s quite enjoyable,” says Munsey. “You get to eat steak and bacon all day. I never got tired of eating meat. I actually started craving it.”

And while a meat-rich diet may sound like it would break the bank, the amounts you actually consume may not be high, since meat is so satiating. That should keep costs down—especially if you literally aren’t buying any other food.

Is The Carnivore Diet Safe?

Because it’s similar to a ketogenic diet, and we’ve already shown that meat isn’t to blame for heart disease, it appears fair to consider the carnivore diet safe for most people—at least in the short term. However, if you’ve ever seen the movie Beverly Hills Cop, there’s one question you’ve been dying to ask: is all that meat going to get stuck in my gut?

In the film, one character reads a (fictitious) article to another, citing science that claims that “by the time the average American is 50, he’s got five pounds of undigested red meat in his bowels.” Based on this one scene in a popular movie from more than 30 years ago—and an Eddie Murphy comedy at that—the urban legend has perpetuated that beef somehow blocks up your intestines, colon… you name it.

However, just as you can’t disable a police car by shoving a banana in its tailpipe (another bit of wacky science from the movie), your body won’t choke itself to death from eating rib-eyes.

“Like most foods, meat is absorbed in the small intestines before it reaches the colon,” says St. Pierre. “The idea that meat gets impacted in your GI tract is silly.” It’s possible to get a bowel obstruction due to disease or physical injury, “but red meat isn’t something that blocks your GI tract.” Since there isn’t much coming out, people who have small bowel movements tend to assume that waste is getting stuck inside them. But St. Pierre says that small movements, including those of carnivore dieters, are simply due to low intakes of fiber. “Fiber adds bulk,” he says. So the reason your poop is small is because it doesn’t have veggies in it.

“I never had any distension, bloating, or water retention throughout the whole process,” says Munsey. “In fact, I felt light and had a bounce in my step.”

A more serious concern on the carnivore diet, however, is the risk of cancer. “There’s so much evidence on phytonutrients from plant foods and how they help with DNA protection,” says St. Pierre. “If you’re not consuming those things, your guess is as good as mine as to how that’s going to impact you long-term.” Bacteria in the GI tract and colon ferment fiber into butyrate, a short-chain fatty acid. Butyrate decreases inflammation in the GI tract, potentially decreasing the risk of colon cancer.

“I would highly suspect that an all-animal diet would increase your risk of colon cancer,” says St. Pierre. Not because animal foods are carcinogenic in any way, but because “you wouldn’t be consuming things that help to inhibit colon cancer. So the dose makes the poison. Having a few servings of red meat each week is no big deal, but when you’re eating three steaks a day with nothing else, that’s a different story. You’re changing the equation substantially.”
Not to mention, eating fruits and vegetables offer benefits for eye health, brain health, and overall longevity, says St. Pierre. “You’d be ignoring so much research on their potential benefits by cutting them all out.”

Another popular carnivore diet question: what happens to the gut biome? That is, the balance of bacteria that help digest your food and prevent disease. Surely, those critters must require some carbs. Or not.

“I had zero dysbiotic flora [the bad bacteria] at the end of the diet,” says Munsey, who had his poo tested. “And I had pretty good numbers on all the beneficial flora.” He chalks it up to the carnivore diet being, if nothing else, an extreme elimination diet that starves sugar-hungry bad bacteria to death. “Yeah, it would starve some of the good ones as well, but maybe we don’t need as many of those. Maybe we only need them if we’re eating a high-plant diet. It’s never been studied, so for people to jump right out and say the carnivore diet is wrong and bad for your health… well, we don’t know that.”

Does The Carnivore Diet Create Nutrient Deficiencies?

The risk of life-threatening illness aside, the carnivore diet—somewhat surprisingly—doesn’t seem to lead to many, if any, serious vitamin or mineral deficiencies. Red meat alone contains copious amounts of iron and zinc, and seafood and dairy supply vitamin D, which usually has to be added to plant foods. The one micronutrient that nutritionists like St. Pierre aren’t sure you’d get enough of is vitamin C, which is otherwise extremely easy to obtain when eating fruits and vegetables.

In rebuttal, carnivore supporters make the argument that, in the absence of carbs, your body may not need much vitamin C, thereby making small intakes sufficient. Stephen D. Phinney, M.D., Ph.D., author of The Art and Science of Low-Carbohydrate Living, has speculated that the ketone beta-hydroxybutyrate—which your body will produce when you remove carbs from your diet—replaces the need for vitamin C, at least in part. On a balanced diet, one of vitamin C’s roles in the body is to form collagen, but Phinney says that the amino acids you get from a large meat intake get the job done without it. Indeed, neither Munsey or Baker have come down with scurvy, and neither have hundreds (thousands?) of other zero-carb dieters at home and abroad—as far as we know.

St. Pierre adds that if you make the effort to eat a diverse range of animal foods—i.e. NOT just rib-eye steaks—you hedge your bets that you’ll get the micronutrition you need. That means venturing beyond lean muscle meats and taking advantage of foods like bone broth and organ meats. That’s what Munsey did. “I was just being extra cautious,” he says. And “organ meats,” he points out, “have more micronutrients than vegetables.”

The Carnivore Diet for Athletes

The ketogenic diet has taken a lot of heat from critics who say that people who exercise must eat carbs to supply fuel, but science has shown that not only is it possible to work out on a low-carb diet, you can even perform at an elite level. But take away ALL carbs and all plant foods and it could be a very different story. The short answer is that we don’t know exactly how a long-term carnivore diet would affect muscle mass, endurance, or overall performance yet. But many carnivore dieters report making some of the best gains of their lives on the plan.

As mentioned above, Shawn Baker is a world-class indoor rowing competitor and deadlifts 700-plus pounds at over 50 years old. He could well be a genetic outlier, but what about Ryan Munsey? Without adding body weight, Munsey made dramatic strength gains on the diet. Below are the improvements he made on his two-rep max in the various lifts he tested. All were accomplished within five weeks of carnivore eating.

Front squat: from 235 pounds to 265
Deadlift: from 335 to 375
Incline bench press: 205 to 220
Weighted pullup: 60 pounds of added weight to 100 pounds

The first week on the diet, Munsey says he felt sluggish and had little motivation to train. But by the second week, he says, he was a “samurai” in the gym. He credits the gains to the increased amount of protein he was eating, as he had been doing a ketogenic diet prior. “With keto, I felt great mentally, but I never felt like doing much physically. On the carnivore diet, I just felt like a warrior.” He was getting 120 to 150 grams of protein per day before when he weighed between 185 and 188 pounds. After adopting a two-to-four-pounds per day meat habit, Munsey estimates his protein intake was between 200 and 300 grams.
It’s worth noting that Munsey did not do cardio, apart from daily walks (he averaged 5,000 steps a day, total). Therefore, it’s difficult to say how he would have fared had he been running, rowing, or doing more metabolically-demanding workouts such as CrossFit. “I think the adaptation period before you would excel again at those activities would be more brutal than what I went through,” says Munsey.

To be fair, Baker claims he needed six months to fully adapt to the diet and get his performance back on track.

“Just because we can live on a carnivore diet,” says St. Pierre, “doesn’t mean we’d necessarily thrive on it. If you’re an intermittent sport athlete, competing in sprinting or something else that requires high output for 60–120 seconds, it would be very challenging to perform well when you’re not eating any carbs. There are people who adapt really well to fat and their performance does improve, but I think performance would suffer for most.” As with any diet, you’ll have to try it and see what happens.

If you are an athlete or gym rat, you may do better to modify the carnivore diet just as we discussed modifying the ketogenic diet HERE. St. Pierre suggests starting by adding some vegetables. “Cruciferous ones like broccoli, cauliflower, and kale would be my vote.” If you find that your workouts are suffering, “maybe that means having the occasional sweet potato or apple,” says St. Pierre.

Carnivore Diet Meal Plan

Here’s an example of how you could eat in a day if you want to get the broadest possible nutrition from an all-animal diet.

Breakfast
Coffee (black, or with whole milk)
Scrambled eggs and bacon
(You may also choose to skip breakfast and fast till lunch)

Lunch
Rib-eye steak, OR chicken liver, seasoned with salt and pepper

Snack
1 cup bone broth, OR a few slices cheese

Dinner
Hamburger patty seasoned with cayenne, onion powder, garlic powder, salt and pepper
OR salmon fillet

All meats and dairy products should be organic and pasture-raised whenever possible

Reasons The Carnivore Diet Might Still Be Totally F@#$ing Crazy

If you’ve made it this far into the article, you’re probably realizing that the carnivore diet isn’t as ridiculous as it may at first sound. Nevertheless, there are some compelling reasons to not try it—or at least not follow it for very long—apart from what we’ve already mentioned.

Environmental Impact

It’s safe to say that, if everyone adopted this diet, the world would run out of animals pretty fast. Supporting organic farming practices and eating locally is a noble, smart way to improve the welfare of animals and reduce pollutants, but drastically increasing the demand for meat would undoubtedly have a detrimental effect on the planet—at least while conventional farming methods remain pervasive.

Vegetables Are Still Good

Carnivore dieters blame digestive problems on plants. Grains, legumes, and nuts are indeed sources of phytic acid, an antinutrient that can prevent the body’s absorption of iron and zinc. But according to St. Pierre, the negative impact it has on your nutrition is minimal. “The data on phytic acid, lectins, and tryptin inhibitors is nowhere near as bad as people like to make it out to be,” says St. Pierre. Plants have innate defense systems to discourage predators from eating them, but that doesn’t mean they can’t or shouldn’t be eaten. Similarly, “a lobster has a shell and claws to defend itself, but that doesn’t mean you can’t eat it,” says St. Pierre.

Also, the way we prepare food reduces the potency of the antinutrients within it. When bread is baked with yeast, the phytic acid content in the grains dissipates. Levels are also low in sprouted-grain and sourdough bread. “At the same time,” says St. Pierre, “in reasonable amounts, phytic acid also has some potential health benefits, one of them being anti-cancer, and it can chelate heavy metals.” One such heavy metal, iron, can be toxic in high amounts. And you risk getting such amounts on an all-meat diet.

This isn’t to say that some people aren’t especially sensitive to certain plant foods. If you know one that bothers you, don’t eat it. But it’s probably best not to weed out every bit of vegetation in your diet based on a reaction to one or two types.

Sustainability

The planet isn’t the only thing that could suffer if you go all meat, all the time. You may end up hating life, no matter how cool the idea of eating burgers and bacon all day sounds to you now. A strict animal diet means no beer, no avocados for your Fajita Night… and, in fact, no fajitas at all (tortillas are a no-no). You can bend the rules and have your cheat days, but then you’re not really doing the diet, are you?

Munsey says he didn’t get many cravings on the carnivore diet, but has since added back some plants and the occasional carbs for the sake of long-term health. “I still pretty much follow the carnivore diet because I love the way I feel on it. But it’s really difficult to do when you travel.” If you can’t find high-quality meat on the road, you need to be careful where you eat out. But that can be part of the thrill of going carnivore, too.

“It’s fun to order two rib-eyes and nothing else and see how the waiter reacts,” says Munsey. “I was in an airport and got four hamburger patties and the manager came out to confirm that my order was right. It definitely throws people off.”

The post The Carnivore Diet: Is Eating ONLY Meat Healthy, or Totally F@#$ing Crazy? appeared first on Onnit Academy.

OK… If you woke up and looked in the mirror this morning to see a painful reminder of all your holiday season overindulgences firmly attached to your waistline, the last thing you might be feeling right now is “happy.”

But what if I told you that in 12 weeks you could not only get back to fighting form—ripped even, beyond where you’ve ever taken your body before—and you wouldn’t have to count a single calorie or give up your favorite foods to get there?

No, I’m not promising a quick, easy fix. I’m not telling you that you can keep eating and drinking the way you did over the holidays (or the past few years) and expect a different result. But I do have a foolproof plan to knock the weight you’ve added to your belly/ass/thighs off of you and get you a beach-ready body by the start of spring. And it doesn’t require you locking yourself in at night and subsisting on lettuce and protein powder. In fact, you’ll be amazed at how taking the most basic of steps will yield significant results in just the first four weeks alone.

Begin following the first month-long phase of this 12-week program as outlined below, and then see the next two parts, linked at the bottom. Combine these nutrition guidelines with any Onnit 6 or Onnit in 30 program, you’ll have both the fuel and the fire to transform your physique and performance.

Ready? Then without further ado, Onnit and I proudly present the 12-Week Fat Loss Nutrition Plan.

The First 3 Rules of Eating For Rippedness!

#1 Only Eat When It’s Time To Eat

Losing weight is primarily about controlling calories. The easiest way to start doing that—without having to count your calories or weigh your food—is to simply stick to planned, structured meals. I.e., breakfast, lunch, and dinner.

“But wait, I thought small, frequent meals were best for getting ripped. That’s what all the bodybuilding magazines say.”

Yes, they do, and that’s an approach that can work. But I’d rather you keep it simple. Looking at it logically, the more times you sit down to eat, the more calories you’re likely to take in. Plus, the frequent-eating approach means taking the time to plan and cook your meals well in advance, which I know many of you just won’t have the time to do. And let’s face it, it’s also a hassle. Think of spending your Sunday grilling chicken breasts instead of watching football. It could also mean having to grab food on the go every couple hours when you’re working or running errands. It’s not practical for most people who have busy lives (or, ahem, lives they’d like to enjoy).

“What about fasting?”

If eating often leads to taking in more calories, then it stands to reason that skipping a meal entirely, or at least going a long time without one, would mean you’d eat less food. So, if you think that will be the case for you, then go ahead and fast. Most people who like the intermittent fasting style of dieting prefer to skip breakfast, which usually gives them about 16 hours without food. This can work very well, provided that you’re not the type who goes mad with hunger and overeats at their next meal, which research has shown is a possibility. Ultimately, the frequency with which you eat comes down to a matter of preference, but I recommend sticking to three normal meals a day for simplicity’s sake. It’s the easiest schedule for most people to stay on.

Cut out all snacking. No more pretzels from the vending machine, lattes on the way to work, or late-night brews. This may sound brutal at first, like you’ll starve, but in Rules #2 and #3 I’ll show you how to fill up on healthy food so you don’t have these cravings anymore.

And, like most rules, there are some exceptions. If you normally work out after dinner, you can (and should) have a snack afterward so you don’t go to bed on an empty stomach (more on what this should be later). Or, if you typically eat lunch at noon, work out mid day, and won’t be eating dinner until later that evening, a post-workout snack should be added as well. Heck, even if you don’t plan to work out mid-afternoon, if you eat an early lunch and can’t have dinner until 8 or 9 p.m., you should have a snack sometime in between to tide you over.

What exactly is a snack?

● Veggies and hummus? Great.
● Berries and nuts? Yep.
● Apple and peanut butter? Perfecto.

Almost any combination of protein, fiber, and whole-food fat is a winning trio. Chips, dip, soft drinks or sugar-bomb lattes? No.

Apart from these snacks, don’t eat anything unless you’re sitting down for breakfast, lunch, or dinner. When you’re done with your meal, the kitchen is closed.

One of the biggest obstacles to weight loss is eating out of sheer boredom, not physiological hunger. Maintaining the “kitchen closed” policy will help break that cycle.

#2 Control Portions With Your Hands

All of your meals should be structured the same way. They should contain at least one handful of protein, a minimum of two handfuls of vegetables (or one piece of whole fruit and one handful of veggies), and one handful of starchy carbohydrates.

Protein, if you weren’t sure, is any type of meat or fish. A handful-size chicken breast or a hamburger patty is one serving of protein. The same goes for whole cuts of beef, turkey, pork and salmon or tuna fillets. Similar amounts of eggs, cottage cheese, Greek yogurt (no sugar added), and protein powder supplements are also good sources.

Fatty, processed foods like hot dogs and bacon are permissible in this first four-week block, but use common sense and avoid them most of the time. If you’re at a football game and can’t get a lean chicken breast, a ballpark frank is better than starving (unless you prefer to fast), but don’t convince yourself that you don’t have better options most of the time. Because protein is filling and it supports muscle growth, I’m not putting a firm limit on it. Have at least a handful in every meal, but if two or three handfuls is what it takes to keep you full and feel like you’re recovering from workouts, then go ahead. Again, the leaner and plainer the protein source the better. Think meat and fish, not In-N-Out Burger, even if you do toss the bun.

Starches include potatoes, sweet potatoes, beets, beans, and whole grains like rice, oats, and quinoa. A slice of whole-grain bread like Ezekiel is great too.

Beyond just making your meals easier to control and stick with, there is some solid nutritional science behind my recommendations. A palmful of protein, regardless of the source, will usually give you 25–35 grams of the stuff (depending on the size of your hand).

Vegetables and fruits are foods you can eat liberally. Fruits don’t rank quite as high as veggies since some are higher in sugar and calories, but no one ever gained weight because they couldn’t stop eating fruit. As long as you’re eating whole fruit—say, a peach as opposed to canned peaches that have marinated in a pool of syrup—you can count on its fiber slowing down the digestion of the sugar, keeping your energy steady and your belly full.

In fact, if in the first few weeks you find yourself absolutely unable to adhere to the “eat only at breakfast, lunch, and dinner” rule, there’s no harm in breaking it with veggies and fruit and more protein as well. I’d still prefer you eat three meals a day and that’s it, but if you’re going to fall off the wagon, I’d rather you crashed into a bed of celery, carrot sticks, and a hamburger patty than a pile of potato chips or bowl of ice cream. Overeating with natural, healthy food always trumps gorging on more calorie-dense junk. Make sense?

Veggies in particular are naturally low in calories and high in fiber—not to mention numerous essential vitamins and minerals—so they help your weight loss in multiple ways. When I say to serve yourself a “handful” in this case, it’s just for the sake of practicality. Don’t feel you need to limit your intake of greens in any way. If you’re using tongs to serve yourself veggies at a salad bar, feel free to squeeze as many between the claws as possible.

Because starches contain a fair amount of calories and raise blood sugar, they need to be contained—but not cut out, because they supply energy. A handful of starch is the amount that would fit in your cupped hand (in the case of potatoes, it’s typically one potato, and for bread, it’s one slice).

We’ll worry about maximizing the quality of what you’re eating in later installments of the program, but for the time being, it’s enough to just get in the habit of eating less and with balanced portions.

If your eating habits are so out of whack that you’re consuming Big Macs on a daily basis… Well, one Big Mac is better than two. It’s still more important that you focus on eating your meals—however imperfect they may be—according to the formula here than trying to make massive, sweeping changes that you can’t possibly sustain. I’d love for you to start eating lean chicken and broccoli every day, but if you’ve been eating fast food three times a day for years, I don’t expect you to make the switch overnight.

#3 Start Each Day With Protein

Studies have shown over and over that protein helps fill you up so you don’t overeat. It also helps you build and repair muscle, and burn more calories throughout the day—because it takes so much energy to digest.

Most people eat no protein in the morning and not enough throughout the day, so simply resolving to eat a high-protein breakfast can make a huge difference—and it doesn’t have to take long. The following are a few examples of protein-rich starters that you can make in minutes and take with you, or simply grab off a shelf in a deli or gas station.

● 1 cup plain Greek yogurt
● 1 cup cottage cheese
● 4 whole eggs (or a few whole with a few whites, if you prefer)
● 2 whole eggs and 2 oz of steak or chicken
● 1 handful smoked salmon
● protein smoothie made with 1 scoop protein powder

Each of these counts for about one serving of protein, and should be balanced with veggies/fruit and a starch. The next time you rush off to work in the morning, think about grabbing a yogurt, one piece of whole fruit, and a slice of toast, or a single-serving package of instant oatmeal.

One Perfect Day of Eating

Use the following sample menu as a guide for how to eat over the next four weeks. Note that this plan does not need to be followed verbatim every day, but is an example of how to portion your meals and choose your foods. Adjust it to your own tastes—if you don’t enjoy the process, you won’t stick with it.

Breakfast

Egg Scramble and Oatmeal

● 2 whole eggs
● ½ handful smoked salmon
● 2 large handfuls of spinach (cooked into the eggs)
● 1 small handful of cheese* (melted on the eggs)
● 1 handful oats (cooked as oatmeal)
● 1 handful berries (fresh or frozen)

*I don’t recommend you eat cheese by itself, but a handful (just enough to fill your palm, not all the way up to your fingers!) can be added occasionally to round out your protein serving.

Lunch

Tuna Salad

● 1 can tuna
● 1 tbsp balsamic vinaigrette*
● 1 handful cherry tomatoes
● 1 handful mixed greens
● 1 cup brown rice (tip: you can buy packs of brown rice that can be microwaved and are done in 90 seconds)

Mix all ingredients and enjoy

*Seasonings and condiments that contain sugar and fat should be limited to the serving size recommended on the container.

Afternoon Snack*

● 1 handful mixed nuts
● 1 apple
● Protein shake blended with a banana

*This is optional, and you should only consume a snack if it’s going to be several hours before you have dinner and you know you’ll feel like you’re starving otherwise. Additionally, you can have a snack if you’ve just worked out.

Dinner

● 1–3 handfuls portion of rotisserie chicken (from any grocery store)
● 2 large handfuls of arugula
● 1 large handful mixed, colorful veggies (picked up from the salad bar at your grocery store to make it easy)
● 1 cup black beans
● 1 tbsp oil
● 1 tbsp vinegar

Post Workout*

● 1 cup Greek yogurt
● 1 cup berries
● Protein shake blended with a banana

*Only have this snack if you work out after dinner.

Alcohol and Dessert

We won’t ban these in this stage of the plan but, as with obviously sub-par protein choices like hot dogs, we have to limit them. Here’s the rule: you can enjoy booze, cookies, soda, etc. only when you’re with other people at a social event. You will never consume them alone.

Not going out Friday night? That doesn’t mean you can stay in and throw a party for yourself. And when you do go out, give yourself a maximum of two alcoholic drinks or servings of junk food. No more than two nights per week also.

There you go. Get on it (er, Onnit!), and check out the next two installments when you’re ready!

Fat-Loss Nutrition Plan, Part 2.

Fat-Loss Nutrition Plan, Part 3.

The post New Year All You: 12-Week Fat Loss Nutrition Plan, Part 1 appeared first on Onnit Academy.

But once surrounded by the positivity and encouragement that the Onnit community provides, Oulhen, 39, started to see past her self-imposed limits. Originally from Brittany, France, Oulhen spoke to us in her melodious accent about how Onnit helped her find freedom and overcome malnutrition, pain, and other obstacles, ultimately reaching potential she never knew she had in all sorts of areas.

Onnit: What was life like before you discovered Onnit?

Nathalie Oulhen: Before I found Onnit, I wasn’t eating healthy at all. I was vegetarian, and I still am, but I wasn’t taking the time to eat healthy food. I used to eat sugar all day! I would bring chocolates with me in the car when I went to work—that’s how I started my day. I wasn’t getting enough protein, and I was deficient in several vitamins and minerals. I was so malnourished that I would get dizzy just from walking up the street. I even passed out from time to time. I went to the emergency room several times, and doctors couldn’t find anything wrong with me other than my nutritional deficiencies.

I didn’t work out because I would get bored at the gym, or tell myself that I didn’t have the time because I worked day and night. I love my job, but I need to distract my mind from it sometimes. For a long time, I had nothing else outside of my work, and that’s not healthy. I live in Massachusetts, but I work in Rhode Island, so I have a 45-minute commute each way. Most days, I don’t get home until 1:00 a.m., and I’m not in bed until 2 a.m. I used to wake up at 9:00, read emails, prepare for classes, have online meetings, and then go off to the lab.

I had a lot of joint pain, too—another reason I believed I couldn’t work out. Just turning my wrist hurt, so lifting anything heavy was scary to me. I thought I might hurt myself more.

How did you come to find Onnit?

My boyfriend, Steve, is a part of the Onnit Tribe, and he’s really into fitness, but I didn’t know anything about Onnit. One day, he said to me, “There’s this Onnit 6 workout program, and it would be good for you. I signed you up for the Onnit 6 Challenge as well.” I said, “What?!” I hadn’t worked out in years, and now, all of a sudden, I had to follow a structured, six-week workout plan.

A lot of people would be offended that their boyfriend would push them into doing a workout program. Did you put up a fight?

I was upset at first, but I didn’t take it as, “He’s giving me a not-so-subtle message that he wants me to get in shape.” I was angry because I felt obligated to do this workout now. My boyfriend really knows me better than I know myself, in some ways. He knew that I needed to try Onnit’s program, so he provided the outside perspective that I needed to get healthy. Like I said, he was already a member of the Onnit Tribe, and he signed up for the Challenge too, so I didn’t have to do it alone.

To make me feel more comfortable, he said I should join the Onnit Tribe before the Challenge started. “They’re a really supportive group,” he said, “and you’ll see that you’ll be working with nice people before you start the Challenge.” I joined the Tribe at the end of April 2021, and I had a month to get familiar with it before the Challenge began in June.

As soon as I joined the Tribe, I met all these great people who were supporting each other and telling their stories. I went in thinking that, because it’s a part of the Onnit 6 fitness Challenges, it was going to be all about the competition. That people would be posting about who’s the strongest, and who’s pushing themselves the most. But the Tribe doesn’t feel like a competition at all. Everyone is helping each other get better, and you can ask questions and talk about anything in your life that you want. I still look at the Onnit Tribe page every day—those people are a constant inspiration.

I was immediately touched by Angi Sanders’ story. She’s a Tribe member, and she’s amazing. She helps you realize that there’s so much we can learn to do better in life. That helped me understand what the Tribe was like, and it made me feel confident to post my own feelings in it.

The Tribe is one of the main reasons I did the Challenge in the first place, and why I’m still doing Onnit’s workouts today. It’s like having a big family around you. 

What kinds of changes did the Challenge and the Tribe help you to make?

They taught me about nutrition and got me to change my eating habits. I added more protein to my diet, including Onnit’s Whey Protein powders, and I started eating more eggs. The more protein I ate, the less sugar I craved, so the problem of me eating chocolate all day solved itself. As I ate better and got stronger from the workouts, my joint pain went away. I can see muscles in my arms and legs now [laughs].

I also gained so much mental strength. I became less stressed and more confident. I learned the power of positive thinking: Just by telling myself that I can do something, I do it better, not just in my workouts, but at my job as well. I used to stress out when I had to speak at a conference, but now I’m more aware of my skills and I’m able to reflect on things better. I tell myself that I can do things and then I do them!

That Onnit 6 Challenge took me from doing nothing to working out every day for six weeks, and it completely changed my nutrition. I guess that’s why I was a semi-finalist in my first Challenge. I can’t believe how Onnit has changed my life in less than a year.

Which Challenge did you start with?

I did the Steel Mace Challenge in June, and I was really scared of it at first because the mace is so unusual. But I started with the seven-pound mace, and before long, I was able to lift the 10-pound one and then the 15. The Onnit 6 program is progressive, so you can build your strength gradually.

I used to go to the gym for a week and get bored, and then not go again for years. When you go to a gym, no one guides you on how to use the equipment—you’re on your own. But when you do an Onnit 6 Challenge, you have coaches that explain everything to you. The workouts change after a few weeks, so I never get bored. I also really enjoyed doing exercises I knew no one else was doing. When I told my friends I was doing a Steel Mace Challenge, they said, “A what?!” [Laughs] Onnit’s workouts are fun, and there are so many things to learn about them that you can repeat them over and over and pick up something new every time. 

How were you able to fit your workouts into that hectic schedule you described earlier?

I didn’t think I would have time to work out, but when I got into the Tribe, I saw people talking about organizing their schedules to make time for workouts. I thought, “OK, I can do this too.” I realized that I only thought I couldn’t make time for exercise because I wasn’t making it a priority. The funny thing is, I found that once I started working out, I had more energy throughout the day. That helped me finish my other work faster, so I became more efficient. I still work really late and get home late, but I can usually squeeze in a workout at 11:00 or noon. I even have time to make a healthy lunch before I leave for the lab. I didn’t have to sacrifice anything else in my day to do the Onnit workouts. And because the Onnit 6 workouts let you train from anywhere, I can make up workouts when I miss one. I don’t have to race to a gym before it closes, or be there right when it opens.

I used to make excuses for why I couldn’t go to the gym, like it’s too cold out. But now that I train in my living room, I can’t let myself off the hook like that anymore [laughs].

Making time for workouts has shown me that I can have time for other things I like, too. Onnit was the start of me doing several other physical activities that I hadn’t done in years, such as walking and playing tennis.

People in the Tribe are calling you an “unstoppable tiger.” Why?

Because after my first Challenge, I told people I went from being a sloth—because I was doing nothing—to a tiger. I went from always sitting down to having the energy to do anything. I love to work out now and push past my limits and get better every day. A tiger is more fun than a sloth!

Are you taking any supplements to help with your workouts, or any other aspect of your day?

Apart from the chocolate and vanilla Whey Protein, I like New MOOD^® for helping me relax. I also love the HYDRATech™ Instant Tangerine powder. It’s delicious, and I feel like I can push myself harder when I drink it.

Rumor has it you’re a budding children’s book author. How did that come about?

Yes, I had started trying to write books for children years ago—stories that had science facts so kids could learn about marine animals, which is my field of study. During my second Onnit 6 Challenge, people in the Tribe were asked to pick an activity that we wanted to do better, and I chose to go back to my children’s books and finish them.

I wrote a book about a little girl who finds a starfish and sea urchin in the ocean and keeps them as pets, but they want to go back home. So the three of them go on an adventure back to the ocean. I found a lady to illustrate the book, and now we’re submitting it to a publisher this month! I wasn’t confident enough to finish the story and send it to anybody before, but, thanks to the Tribe, I am today. And now I’m working on a second book.

Onnit is really not just about workouts. It’s so helpful for getting you to reflect on your life and see what you can do better. There are actually a lot of scientists in the Tribe, and we make science jokes together all the time. We have so much fun. Whatever you’re interested in, I think you can meet someone in the Tribe to share in it.

The post “I Tell Myself I Can, and I Do”: Q&A with Tribe Member Nathalie Oulhen appeared first on Onnit Academy.

A shrub with yellow flowers that grows in India and parts of Africa, ashwagandha has been used in traditional medicine for generations, and modern science is starting to confirm its potential, from helping to manage stress and promoting cognitive function to supporting testosterone levels and muscle strength.

Here’s what we know about ashwagandha and how it might support your health goals.

What Is Ashwagandha?

Ashwagandha is an herb that has many aliases. Depending on which part of the world you’re in when speaking about it, it can alternatively be known as Indian ginseng, poison gooseberry (although it’s by no means a poison), winter cherry, and, it’s technical name, Withania somnifera. The name ashwagandha is Sanskrit for “like a horse,” which refers to its strong smell in nature, as well as its strength-promoting potential. (Again, don’t worry about what the name may imply—modern ashwagandha supplements have no smell, and they won’t leave your pantry reeking like a barn.)

Ashwagandha is an adaptogen, meaning that it’s been recognized for its ability to help the body handle stress. While the exact mechanism ashwagandha works by isn’t clear, research indicates that it may affect the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

Yeah… let’s back up a minute.

The hypothalamus is the region of the brain that controls body temperature, thirst, hunger, and other functions that help maintain homeostasis—the body’s status quo condition. It’s also involved in regulating sleep and even your emotional responses. The pituitary is a gland that sits underneath the brain and produces hormones. It, in turn, affects the production of cortisol, a hormone that’s released from the adrenal glands in response to stress, as well as when blood sugar levels are low.

Collectively, these structures are referred to as the HPA axis, and they control your body’s physical reaction to a range of stressful conditions. Scientists believe that ashwagandha may positively influence the HPA axis to help moderate the body’s stress response, thereby easing the burden on your system and allowing it to run more efficiently in a number of ways.

Benefits of Ashwagandha

Ashwagandha may offer a diverse range of benefits, from helping with mental stress and cognition to physical performance in the gym.

Stress Support

A 2019 study found that ashwagandha supplementation helped lower cortisol levels in men and women, as well as support better sleep quality. Another trial on stressed but otherwise healthy adults found that greater dosages of ashwagandha yielded better responses, as subjects who took the most ashwagandha had the highest reduction in cortisol levels—30% on average. They also reported the greatest improvements in feelings of well-being.

Adding further support to the notion that lower cortisol may correlate with better feelings, an Indian study found that ashwagandha use not only promoted resistance to stress but also self-assessed improvements in quality of life.

Brain Health

Ashwagandha may help you feel more on your game at work. A study in Pharmacognosy Research found that healthy men who took the herb performed better on cognitive and psychomotor tests.

If you’re older and concerned about having “senior moments,” ashwagandha could help you stay sharp. A 2017 trial on older adults with mild cognitive impairments showed that, after eight weeks, the subjects’ memories improved to the point where they could better recognize faces in family pictures. Their ability to process information, juggle tasks, and keep their attention on a particular task was also greater. 

Muscle and Endurance

If you’re trying to change your body, you already know about whey protein and creatine, but you may want to start adding ashwagandha to your gym bag when you read this…

A study in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition had men ages 18–50 take ashwagandha for eight weeks to supplement their weight-training. Their bench-press and leg extension maxes shot up while they gained muscle in the chest and arms. At the same time, body fat levels dropped—more than twice what the placebo group lost—and testosterone went up.

Another study from a few years earlier had similar findings, with ashwagandha aiding strength gains while body fat went down. Total and LDL cholesterol levels also dropped.

Ashwagandha doesn’t seem to just help muscleheads either. If you’re into endurance training, you’ll be interested to know that a 2020 review of nine different ashwagandha studies published in Nutrients found that the supplement supported gains in VO2 max among athletes and non-athletes alike. Similarly, the International Journal of Ayurveda Research reported that ashwagandha aided velocity, power, and VO2 max in young men and women.

Lastly, research published in Ayu concluded that ashwagandha promotes cardiorespiratory endurance in addition to quality of life in athletes—as measured by a questionnaire that assessed the subjects’ physical and psychological health, as well as their social relationships.

What’s An Ideal Dosage To Take?

Studies have shown a range of effective dosages for ashwagandha supplementation, and the amount varies based on the reason for taking it, but research indicates that as much as 1,250 milligrams are safe to consume. Nevertheless, ashwagandha can cause digestive trouble, diarrhea, and nausea in extreme amounts, or among those with sensitive stomachs, so ask your doctor before adding it to your regimen—especially if you’re on any medications at the same time.

The post Benefits of Ashwagandha: Is It Right For Me? appeared first on Onnit Academy.

– Nearly all supplements marketed as pre-workouts contain caffeine or some other stimulant, but there are ingredients that can support exercise performance with little to no stimulant effect.

– Huperzia serrata, arginine and citrulline, cordyceps, rhodiola rosea, essential amino acids, sodium bicarbonate, and chocolate milk may all help performance when consumed before activity.

– Ingredients may need to be taken at different times to maximize their effects.

– Pre-workouts are generally considered safe, but there is little research on their long-term effects.

Caffeine-Free, Non-Stimulant Pre-workouts: Do They Work?

If there’s one common denominator underlying most nutrition products that are marketed as pre-workout supplements, it’s the inclusion of caffeine. The majority of pre-workout formulas that have been shown to be effective contain some amount of the stuff, and the fact is that the pre-workout category was born for the sake of helping people feel more energized when they go into the gym. But not every supplement designed to be taken before training is intended to have a stimulant effect.

If you’re someone who chooses to avoid caffeine, or you want something besides alertness and focus from your pre-workout supp—such as a better pump, or support with endurance or strength gains—you have other options. We looked into the best caffeine-free, non-stimulant pre-workouts that may help you perform well without a high risk of feeling wired.

Do Caffeine-Free Pre-workouts Actually Work?

First thing’s first: there is a strong body of evidence showing that pre-workout supplements of all kinds can help you achieve fitness goals. A 2018 review in the Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition looked at 80 different studies done on pre-workout formulas and concluded that they may benefit both muscular endurance and mood during a workout. The authors noted that, when combined with resistance training, pre-workouts can support positive long-term changes in body comp via lean muscle gains.

Nevertheless, most pre-workout formulas contain a mix of ingredients, so trying to pick out exactly which ones are having the intended effect versus those that don’t live up to the hype, or are mere filler, has presented a challenge for scientists. Furthermore, most pre-workouts contain caffeine, and lots of it (upwards of 300 milligrams in a dose—equal to about three cups of coffee). As caffeine has been shown to promote power output, endurance, and alertness, and aid the body in managing stress in multiple ways, it can be difficult to tell what’s really working in a given supplement: the “proprietary blend,” or the caffeine.

With that said, there are several other ingredients that are common in pre-workouts that have been found to be beneficial, although not for the stimulant effect that caffeine promises. We’ll explore these further down under How Do Most Pre-Workouts Work?

What Pre-workout Supplements Contain Stimulants?

It’s important to understand that caffeine isn’t the only stimulant that might appear in a supplement. Many supplements may claim to be caffeine- or stimulant-free but can still have a stimulant effect, especially if a person is sensitive to one or more ingredients. The body’s reaction to any kind of supplement can be very individual.

Most people think of stimulants as chemicals that raise heart rate and ramp up the central nervous system, but the category is broader than that. The FDA defines a stimulant as a drug or substance that helps restore mental alertness or wakefulness in a fatigued state, so, going by that, virtually any product that helps you feel more mentally energized can be considered to have a stimulant effect.

Don’t misinterpret “caffeine-free” on a label as stimulant-free. If you want something that’s completely sans stimulants, you’ll have to be sure it says so on the bottle, and check that the label’s promises have been vetted by a third-party such as Informed-Sport, which tests supplement batches to determine their safety and purity. However, if you’re on the hunt for stimulant-free pre-workouts simply because you have a problem with caffeine, you may find that you don’t mind a supplement that contains other compounds that may act as stimulants, but have a less-potent stimulant effect.

Technically, the following ingredients fall under the stimulant banner (largely because most contain some amount of caffeine), so, if you’re concerned about consuming stimulants, be wary of any product that advertises them. 

• B-complex vitamins
• Caffeine/caffeine anhydrous
• Carnitine
• Cocoa
• Ginseng
• Green coffee bean
• Guarana
• Ma huang
• Taurine
• Yerba maté
• Yohimbe/yohimbine

You can find a more complete list on the Operation Supplement Safety website, a division of the U.S. Department of Defense.

At the same time, be aware that all of these compounds are considered safe by the FDA when consumed by adults in moderation. They’re not controlled substances that can get you in trouble or pose serious risks to your health, provided that you’re a typical healthy adult. And if you consume energy drinks, sodas, or teas, or you eat chocolate, you’ve probably ingested some of these ingredients before.

How Do Most Pre-workouts Work?

Supplements can prepare you for more effective workouts by many different means. The following are some of the ingredients that science has shown to have the most promise for promoting higher performance.

Huperzia Serrata (Club Moss)

If you’re interested in a pre-workout for the sake of mental energy, alertness, or focus, but you want to steer clear of caffeine and other stimulants, club moss should be on your radar. We can’t promise that it won’t have any stimulant effect in your body, but it’s certain to be less stimulating than massive amounts of caffeine, as its effects support a brain environment that allows for clear thinking—it doesn’t cause a ramp-up of the nervous system.

Huperzia serrata has been shown to have neuro-protective properties, helping to support cognitive function. It can also promote concentrations of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter responsible for muscle functions. Huperzia serrata is a key ingredient in Alpha BRAIN®. 

Arginine and Citrulline

Nitric oxide (NO) supplements are some of the most popular in the stim-free pre-workout category. They don’t act directly on the brain or central nervous system but instead on the vascular system, dilating the blood vessels to allow greater blood flow to working muscles. If you can get more blood in and out of your muscles during training, you can potentially deliver more nutrition to them and promote better performance and recovery. For gym rats who like to get a big ego-inflating pump from their strength workouts, NO supplements have the potential to make your muscles swell to an even greater degree.

Nitric oxide exists naturally in the body, but you can’t supplement it in that form. To raise NO levels, you need to take the amino acids L-arginine and L-citrulline (also available as citrulline malate).

A study in the Journal of Applied Physiology showed that joggers who used arginine were able to extend their runs by more than two minutes. Another trial in the European Journal of Nutrition demonstrated that citrulline malate helped women perform more volume on the leg press exercise (an increase of 12 reps in a single workout).

Vasodilation (the condition of dilated blood vessels) helps the bloodstream shuttle metabolic byproducts out of the muscles more quickly. These byproducts can contribute to muscle soreness. A study in the Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research found that when lifters took citrulline malate before training, they were 40% less sore one day—and then two days—later.

Arginine and citrulline may also help your workouts seem less grueling. A 2019 study concluded that a combo of both aminos assisted with power production in soccer players training on a cycle ergometer and, despite their putting out a greater effort, the subjects reported that the workout felt easier than sessions in the past. A 2016 study’s findings were similar—cyclists reported less fatigue after a workout. 

You can read more about arginine and citrulline in our guide to nitric oxide supplements. 

Cordyceps

A type of fungus that grows in the Himalayan mountains, cordyceps sinensis (and its less expensive lab-grown alternative, cordyceps militaris) are rich in adenosine triphosphate (ATP)—the energy source for muscle contractions. As a result, cordyceps may help the body produce more ATP, which could allow you to train more intensely.

A Chinese study indicated that cordyceps supports gains in aerobic fitness, as subjects cycling on stationary bikes saw a seven percent increase in VO2 max in just six weeks. A similar study in Japan found that cordyceps helped individuals train more efficiently on a running test.

In 2017, researchers had cyclists take a mushroom blend that contained cordyceps; the subjects had longer times to exhaustion (by about 28 seconds) after only one week of supplementation, and their VO2 maxes shot up by 11% after three weeks of supplementation.

Read more on cordyceps in our cordyceps sinensis report.

Rhodiola Rosea

Rhodiola is an herb with adaptogenic properties, meaning that it can support the body’s management of stress. Scientists hypothesize that it may aid performance by helping the heart keep up with demand, but rhodiola also seems to help with perceived levels of exertion. A Journal of Sports Medicine study found that rhodiola supplementation before cycling helped subjects train hard (70% of VO2 max) without feeling like it was so intense.

Another trial revealed that, when taken one hour before activity, rhodiola promoted work capacity, helping users extend their time to exhaustion on endurance exercise by 24 seconds.

Find out more in our rhodiola rosea guide.

Essential Amino Acids (EAAs)

EAAs are amino acids your body can’t synthesize, so you have to get them from food or supplements. There are nine of them: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, and valine. Three of these—isoleucine, leucine, and valine—are known as branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), which scientists recognize as being especially important for strength and performance.

Research from Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism demonstrated that BCAAs taken one hour prior to running tests supported better reaction times in soccer players. Furthermore, Nutrition published a study showing that women who took EAAs before and after training, and on off days as well, saw gains in aerobic endurance. What makes this even more impressive is that the subjects were eating roughly 400 fewer calories daily than the ladies in the placebo group, which suggests that EAAs might help performance when dieting.

Sodium Bicarbonate

This is plain, old-fashioned baking soda, and while it’s still great for keeping your refrigerator smelling fresh, it can also help you keep your intensity up on your cardio. Sodium bicarbonate has an acid-buffering effect, and several trials (1, 2, 3) have shown that it promotes faster finishes in sprint and middle-distance cycling and running tests, where athletes are likely to slow down or become distracted by the searing feeling of lactic acid buildup (the byproduct of your body burning stored carbohydrate for energy).

However, some people find that sodium bicarbonate upsets their stomach, and if you’re watching your salt intake, you’ll want to avoid it outright.

BONUS #1: Beta-alanine and Creatine

There are many other safe and legal performance aids that are also caffeine-free, but the timing of their ingestion doesn’t matter. In addition to the above, you may find that beta-alanine and creatine (amino acids) help you to perform more reps in your strength workouts. While they’re popular ingredients in many pre-workout products, they can be consumed before or after training, and on off days, and need to build up in your system over time before they can take effect.

You can read about them in our separate creatine and beta-alanine articles.

BONUS #2: Chocolate Milk

If you’re really concerned about keeping stimulants of any kind out of your diet, or you just don’t like swallowing powders or pills, you can eat like a kid again and tell your friends it’s highly sophisticated performance nutrition. “A drink with a little bit of protein and carbs 30 to 60 minutes before training can provide energy,” says Chris Mohr, Ph.D. R.D., a nutrition and wellness consultant (follow him on Instagram, @mohrresults), “and chocolate milk is perfect. That’s what I do when I work out in the morning, but you can drink it anytime. The protein helps prevent too much muscle breakdown during your workout, and the sugar provides quick energy. I like a low-sugar chocolate milk, like Fairlife’s Chocolate 2% Ultra-Filtered, which has about a 1:1 ratio of protein to carbs.” (There are 13 grams of protein and carbs in an eight-ounce serving, and Mohr drinks the 11.5-oz single-serving bottles.)

When’s The Best Time To Take A Pre-workout?

You’re probably best served by following the label directions on any pre-workout product you use, but Vince Kreipke, Ph.D.—a performance specialist and member of Onnit’s advisory board—cautions that different ingredients kick in and peak at different times, so, for the best results, you’ll have to time your consumption accordingly.

“Optimal timing is going to depend greatly on the speed at which the ingredients are absorbed and ready to be used by your body,” says Kreipke. “This is going to be somewhat variable when you look at different ingredients. Arginine has been shown to reach peak concentrations at one hour after ingestion, whereas the active ingredients in rhodiola rosea weren’t shown to peak out until about two hours.” Timing is everything.

A recent study demonstrated that optimal muscular performance via caffeine use is achieved when caffeine is consumed one hour before performance (it beat 30 minutes and 2 hours in the study). “Caffeine has been shown to be 99% absorbed within about 45 minutes,” says Kreipke. “If we take that in and use that as the model, it would suggest that peak absorption means peak benefits.”

So, if you want to take more than one of these ingredients before your workout, you may want to do a little bit of planning—such as taking rhodiola one to two hours before, and then arginine and caffeine a little later. It’s also important to know that ingredients can stay in your system for a while once they have been absorbed. Caffeine, for example, has a half-life of about six hours, meaning that it takes that amount of time for the concentration in your system to drop to 50% of the initial dose. If you take a pre-workout that packs a lot of caffeine, that’s a long time to have high levels of caffeine in your body. (This is one reason it’s wise to avoid pre-workouts with caffeine at night, so they don’t prevent you from sleeping.)

Are Pre-workouts Bad For You?

Overall, research suggests that pre-workouts are safe, and that adverse effects are generally mild. Subjects sometimes report stomach upset and trouble sleeping, or a general decrease in calmness, although the latter applies more to pre-workouts that contain caffeine.

Research on pre-workouts is young, however, and most studies haven’t looked at the effects of long-term use (pre-workout formula trials tend to run for eight weeks or less). For maximum safety, consumers would be wise to research any supplement they’re interested in before use. Due to weak enforcement of FDA regulations, supplements of all kinds have been found to contain many things they shouldn’t, including heavy metals, hormones and prohormones, banned substances, harmful chemicals, and stimulants (1, 2).

An article in the New England Journal of Medicine points out that hidden stimulants may be the most common problem, and that dosages can range from negligible to toxic levels. 

For these reasons, it’s best to look for products that have received third-party verification (as mentioned above), and are transparent about their ingredients. “Look for a seal that says it’s certified for sport by a group like Informed Sport or NSF,” says Mohr.

Pre-workouts Banned By The NCAA

If you’re a student athlete, you should know that the NCAA expressly bans the use of all stimulants, including caffeine in large quantities. If you like to have coffee in the morning or a Diet Coke at lunch, you needn’t worry, as urine concentrations of caffeine would have to test in excess of 15 micrograms/ml for you to get busted, which would mean consuming around 500 milligrams of caffeine (or the equivalent of six to eight cups of coffee) two to three hours beforehand.

It gets tricky, though, if you consume normal amounts of caffeine and a pre-workout on top of it. As many pre-workouts pack 300 or more milligrams of caffeine, as well as other potential stimulants, your chances of “pissing hot” go up significantly. So read labels, and be cautious.

Also, “make sure that whatever supplements you use you experiment with beforehand on practice days,” says Mohr, “not performance days.” A competition is no time to test-drive a new formula whose effects on your body are unknown.

The post Caffeine-Free, Non-Stimulant Pre-workouts: Do They Work? appeared first on Onnit Academy.

What the Research Says About Melatonin

Melatonin is a hormone that your body produces naturally. It’s released by the pineal gland in the brain to help you fall asleep, and can support greater sleep quality. To understand the importance of melatonin, you need to know about circadian rhythms.

Your body has its own clock, so to speak. Circadian rhythms are 24-hour cycles that carry out functions and processes in your body. For example, your digestive system will automatically produce proteins that help you break down meals during times when you’re likely to eat, and your endocrine system releases hormones that provide you energy at times when you’re active. In other words, your body knows what time it is, inherently, and makes adjustments accordingly. Feeling tired at night and awake in the morning are examples of a particular type of circadian rhythm called the sleep-wake cycle, and melatonin helps regulate it.

During the day, contact with natural light stimulates your brain to send signals that promote alertness. As the sun goes down, darkness influences the brain to release melatonin, which helps you wind down and ultimately fall asleep. But in the modern world, most of us don’t get up and go to bed according to the sun.

Staying up late disrupts the body’s normal sleep-wake cycle, and exposure to artificial light reduces the amount of melatonin that’s produced. This is why sleep experts recommend dimming your lights an hour or so before you go to bed, hanging blackout curtains over your bedroom windows, and avoiding blue light—a type of wavelength that is present in electronics such as computer screens that essentially tricks your body into thinking it’s daytime, boosting attentiveness.

Melatonin supplements exist to offer nutritional support for sleep problems, and they’re quite popular: a 2012 study by the National Institutes of Health found that melatonin was the fourth most used natural nutritional product by U.S. adults.

Scientists aren’t sure exactly how melatonin supports sleep, but it is known to inhibit dopamine, a hormone that promotes alertness.

Whatever the mechanism, there is a large body of research showing that melatonin can aid sleep. A 2018 study found that subjects with sleep trouble who took a low dose of melatonin one hour prior to bedtime—in addition to following a regimented bed and wakeup time schedule—slept better. Furthermore, compared to a placebo, they fell asleep 34 minutes earlier.

A meta-analysis of 19 studies covering 1,683 subjects showed that melatonin could help increase total sleep time and overall sleep quality. Here, melatonin users fell asleep an average of seven minutes faster, stayed asleep roughly eight minutes longer, and said they slept better than subjects taking a placebo.

Another meta-analysis of 12 studies found that melatonin supplementation helped people fall asleep faster, and better regulate their sleep and wakeup times.

Many people turn to sleep aids to help them adjust their sleep-wake cycles while traveling. Moving across time zones, such as when flying across the country or internationally, can result in sleep disturbances commonly called jet lag. There is much evidence that melatonin can help with this specific problem. Two reviews (1, 2) have suggested that melatonin can help to reset sleep-wake cycles and support better sleep in jet lag sufferers. 

Those who work nights may benefit from melatonin in the same way. Having to stay alert at times that are out of sync with the body’s circadian rhythm can harm sleep, but a review in Sleep Medicine Clinics implies that shift workers may be able to realign their sleep patterns with melatonin use. Another trial in the journal of Sleep Research determined that melatonin helped night shift workers get more sleep during the daytime (when they go to bed).

Uses of Melatonin

Melatonin is best known for its ability to aid sleep, but its supplementation has also been linked to other health benefits, although to a much lesser degree.

One trial showed that daily melatonin use for several months helped protect retinas, the light-sensitive tissue in eyeballs. Two other studies (1, 2) indicate that melatonin may be helpful in stimulating release of growth hormone—the chemical that helps the body maintain its tissues, build muscle, and use fat for fuel. It’s too soon to say if melatonin can really support eye health, athletic performance, or body composition, but the research shows promise.

What To Think About Before Buying Melatonin

Melatonin supplementation appears to be safe for healthy adults. Side effects, if any, are generally mild, and may include headache, dizziness, nausea, and daytime drowsiness. These effects, however, have only been reported with high doses and extended-release formulas—not what you’d get from responsible use of the typical melatonin supplement. There is no evidence that you can build up a tolerance to melatonin that would reduce its effectiveness.

The authors of an article in StatPearls (linked above) sum it up well: “Melatonin is a safe first-line sleep aid that may help promote a regular sleep cycle.”

Liquid Melatonin Vs. Gummies Vs. Tablets

Supplemental melatonin is available in several forms that are taken orally, including chewable gummies, capsules, tablets, and liquid sprays. Research hasn’t picked a clear winner as far as effectiveness, so the best delivery method is mainly a matter of preference.

Gummy melatonin often comes in berry flavors and may remind one of candy. However, like candy, it usually contains some sugar, so those watching their sugar/carb intake may want to opt for another type of supplement. The same goes for melatonin lozenges.

Capsules can be swallowed quickly, and tablets dissolve in the mouth (a good option for people who dislike swallowing pills).

Liquid sprays allow one to enjoy some flavor but not have to swallow or chew. They’re also highly portable.

“I love taking melatonin as a spray,” says Shawn Stevenson, a sleep expert and the author of Sleep Smarter and Eat Smarter (now available at themodelhealthshow.com). “I spray it under the tongue and hold it for a little bit of time to help with the absorption. Taking it sublingually means a faster route to the bloodstream—melatonin doesn’t have to navigate through the digestive tract, where you’ll lose some of it, before it enters your system.”

Who Would Benefit From Taking Melatonin Spray?

Sprays generally supply smaller doses of melatonin (3 milligrams or so, while gummies can offer up to 10 mg in a serving), but this can be ideal for those starting out with the supplement, and who need to gauge their tolerance. This is one reason SleepFoundation.org endorses Onnit’s melatonin spray.

In general, melatonin supplements can be helpful to anyone suffering from sleep problems or trying to adjust their sleep-wake cycle. They may also be appropriate for those whose behaviors can jeopardize the body’s own production of the hormone. Supplementation may help in these cases to get it back on track.

One study in Toxicology and Industrial Health showed that teenage women who smoked had reduced melatonin production, probably due to tobacco smoke’s oxidative effects. Researchers also suggest that supplementing with melatonin may help with the cellular damage induced by cigarette smoke.

If you’re the type who likes to wind down with a few drinks in the evening, you should know that they’re not helping you sleep better. A study in Chronobiology International looked at men in their 20s and found that alcohol consumption one hour before bed reduced melatonin levels up to 19%. If your work life resembles the movie Office Space (minus the humor), you’re also at risk. A 2015 study revealed that subjects whose workspaces did not have a window, thereby denying them exposure to natural light during the day, had lower melatonin levels at night, and higher levels of stress hormones.

The post What To Know About Liquid Melatonin appeared first on Onnit Academy.

Through it all, Onnit continued to put out some of its best content yet, including articles on how to support the immune system, get a great workout at home, and stay healthy and active no matter what (even if the aliens come!). We also launched a bunch of new foods, supplements, and apparel, ranging from new flavors of Alpha BRAIN® Instant and high-protein snacks to T-shirts, tank tops, racerbacks, and more.

Here’s what you might have missed in, shall we say, the funkiest year any of us can remember.

The Best Blog Articles of 2020

How To Support a Strong Immune System

Three ways to help your body protect you.

The Expert’s Guide to CBD’s Benefits & Uses

Learn what CBD is, how it works, and why it’s one of the hottest new supplements.

Barbells vs Dumbbells: What’s Better for your Workout

A guide to the pros and cons of each training tool.

Smile Like A Jaguar: The New Aubrey Marcus Collection

What Aubrey’s new tattoo means, and the clothing collection that bears the same symbol.

The Total Guide to Adaptogenic Supplements and Herbs

How adaptogens help you handle stress, and which ones you may want to try.

“I Used to Be 500 Pounds!” The Incredible Transformation of Angi Sanders

How one woman lost more than half her bodyweight and changed her life.

Vitamin D vs Vitamin D3: What You Should Know

Discover the best vitamin D supplement for promoting health.

4 Full-Body At-Home Workouts for Getting & Staying Fit

Routines for whatever equipment you have, from your own bodyweight to bands, dumbbells and kettlebells, or a suspension trainer.

Heavy and Punching Bag Workouts: The Expert’s Guide

How to set up your own bag for fat-burning, cardio-boosting boxing or MMA workouts. 

How To Properly Do Glute-Ham Raises

A guide to the ultimate hamstring and posterior-chain building exercise.

The Truth About Dairy and Lactose-Free Protein Powder

Why whey protein isn’t your only muscle supplement option, and what you can try instead.

The Best Pre-Workout Supplements for Women in 2020

What the research shows works for energy, focus, and endurance.

The Steel Club: Benefits and Uses

Introduction to the steel club and the ways it can help you build stability and strength.

Healthy Snacks & Foods for Road Trips, Camping & Hiking

What to pack for fit travels.

5 Different Gluten-Free & Nut-Free Snacks That Taste Great

If you have food intolerances, these delicious snacks will keep you full without causing reactions.

How to Properly Do The JM Press: Get Stronger & Bigger

Master the ultimate triceps exercise that also builds your bench press.

New Foods and Supplements

Alpha BRAIN® Instant (Ruby Grapefruit, Meyer Lemon, Pineapple Punch)

A delicious, travel-friendly drink mix that supports memory, focus, and mental processing speed—now available in 3 new flavors.

Protein Bites

The perfect snack for the whole family! Whey protein from grass-fed cows, and nutrients from more than 60 plants, dipped in rich dark chocolate. Available in Chocolate Peanut Butter, Chocolate Coconut Cashew, and Chocolate Cookie Dough.

New Apparel

Banded Helix Vertical Muscle Tank

You don’t have to put the dryer on high for this tank to make you look swole. Its pre-shrunk cotton makes up for all those missed workouts.

Banded Helix Vertical Tank

Pre-shrunk cotton is your ticket to the gun show—and the Onnit banded helix logo on the back shows where you got the ammo.

All You Tri-Blend T-Shirt

Reaching your potential is up to you. It’s all you, in fact. This shirt reminds you of this whenever you put it on, and it’s the perfect attire for working on yourself. 

Capsule Texture T-Shirt

Optimize your artistic side with this regular fit crewneck. Designed in Austin and printed in the USA.

Outlined Banded Helix T-Shirt

The regular fit, crew neckline Banded Helix tee is designed in Austin and printed in the USA.

Banded Helix Vert Racerback

This racerback is made from breathable cotton, designed in Austin, and printed in the USA.

Fractal T-Shirt

Regular fit, crew neckline, and mid-weight combed cotton fabric.

The post The Top Articles and New Products of 2020 appeared first on Onnit Academy.

That’s what you might find yourself saying when you step on the scale January 1, especially if media reports are true that the holidays will bloat you up like a certain morbidly obese, gift-giving elf.

According to a 2014 article that reviewed research on weight gain over the holidays, the average gain between Thanksgiving and New Year is only a little over a pound. However, the author went on to say that the range in individual weight changes is large, and that “When the average gain across the year was also measured, the holiday weight was the major contributor to annual excess weight gain.”

Your Holiday Survival Guide: Tips To Stay Lean This Season

Big, decadent meals and missed workouts due to travel and family time can knock you off your game, expand your waistline, and set a bad precedent for the month (and year) to come. But approach the holiday season strategically, and you can keep up with your training, prevent overeating, curb the risk of winter illness, and still have a jolly good time. Stuff these tips into your stocking and you may even be able to give yourself the gift you’ve always wanted: abs.

This is an excerpt from our FREE e-book, Your Holiday Survival Guide, which offers even more tips for fighting off fat and staying healthy.

#1 Avoid the aisle seat.

If you’re flying to see relatives, forgo the extra legroom and try to sit by the window. A study in Clinical Infectious Diseases found that plane passengers who sat on the aisle were more likely to get sick, even on a short-duration flight. Scientists think it’s because they were exposed to more people in the cabin as the passengers boarded and walked around.

#2 Eat more cheese.

Seriously. According to Dom D’Agostino, Ph.D., an associate professor at the University of South Florida and one of the world’s top experts on low-carb and ketogenic diets (ketonutrition.org), cheese platters are often the best hors d’oeuvre option at a holiday party. “They sometimes offer a variety of nuts and meats as well,” says D’Agostino. “Eating low carb helps control your appetite because fats and proteins tend to be more satiating and typically don’t lend themselves to overeating.”

Fibrous vegetables are another good choice, so load up on veggie platters that offer broccoli, cauliflower, cucumber, and celery. “The combination of fat, protein, and fiber will prolong gastric emptying,” says D’Agostino (i.e., the rate at which your stomach processes food). “It keeps you satiated and prevents a spike in blood glucose,” which leads to energy crashes and fat storage.

You don’t have to crunch down your veggies dry, either. “Most veggie dip has a mayo and/or sour cream base,” says D’Agostino, “so it’s usually a very keto option.”

#3 Avoid bread, crackers, cake, cookies, and rolls.

Processed foods made with refined grains and sugars spike blood glucose, creating an insulin response in the body that promotes fat gain. If you’re not sure which foods are “bad carbs,” D’Agostino recommends sticking with whole foods to keep it simple. Before you eat, ask yourself if your food ever walked, crawled, swam, flew, or grew in the ground when it was alive. If it’s close to how it looked in its glory days, it’s probably OK to eat. Bread, crackers, and other grain-based products don’t exist in nature.

“You can’t go wrong with meats and vegetables,” says D’Agostino. “Just watch out for condiments that might contain sugars or flour,” such as ketchup, and barbecue and Hoisin sauce.

#4 Swap out carbs for veggies.

When cooking for yourself, you can easily replace starchy carbs with vegetables in a number of instances. Make spaghetti squash in place of pasta (shredding it with a fork makes noodles). Cauliflower is highly diverse, and can be boiled down to make faux mashed potatoes, or pulverized in a food processor to form rice or low-carb flour for pizza crusts. It contains only five grams carbs per cup.

#5 Take the smallest serving size.

Research shows that the size of the portions you serve yourself greatly influences how much food you ultimately take in, and that overeating at one meal doesn’t cause you to eat less at your next one to compensate (as some people assume).

A study in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition had subjects eat macaroni and cheese for lunch one day a week for a month. They were given one of four different portion sizes to consume every time, but told that they could have as many servings as they liked. Ultimately, the people consumed 30% more calories when served the largest portion than they did with the smallest one, showing that the more food they were presented with, the more they ate.

The take home: if you serve yourself less, you’ll eat less overall. So, whenever possible, eat the smallest serving size available to you, be it one slice of pizza, a single brownie square, a paper cup of holiday punch, etc. You can go back for more if you’re still hungry or thirsty, but odds are you’ll eat less overall than if you filled your plate every time.

#6 Eat more slowly.

A landmark study from the University of Rhode Island had women eat lunch on two different occasions. In one instance, they instructed them to eat as quickly as possible. In the other, they were told to chew their food slowly and put down their utensils between bites. When eating slowly, the subjects ate less and consumed fewer calories. Nevertheless, they actually reported feeling less hungry an hour later.

The stomach needs time to signal your brain that you’re getting full. Plus, the women in the study also chose to drink more water during their slow-eating meal, which further promoted satiety.

#7 Don’t eat mindlessly.

The times we tend to overeat the most are when we’re distracted—by conversation, television shows, games of pool with Uncle Ted, etc. Research shows that simply paying more attention to your food when you eat can help you avoid taking in too much, so try to keep snacks out of reach when your mind is elsewhere.

#8 Pre-game with protein.

Protein promotes satiety, so chugging a shake before a big meal will help prevent you from gorging. But here’s the thing: the drink needs to look creamy, like a real milkshake.

A study in the British Journal of Nutrition found that the thickness and creaminess of a protein drink heightens your perception of its protein content, which helps promote the sensation of fullness even further. In other words, those fruit-flavored, clear protein drinks won’t work as well.

#9 Add greens to your smoothie.

If you already regularly make protein smoothies with fruit and healthy fats (such as the popular banana and nut butter combo), add a cup of fresh or frozen spinach to the blender. You won’t taste the greens at all, but they’ll bulk up the drink with fiber, helping you control your appetite further (not to mention add health-boosting nutrition).

#10 Drink wine or hard liquor.

If you must drink at all, that is. Dry white or red wines are low in sugar. “White Girl Rosé,” not so much. “Dry Farm Wines offers fantastic low-sugar wine options,” says D’Agostino, “which can even be enjoyed if you’re on a ketogenic diet.” Liquors such as whiskey and vodka by themselves don’t have many calories, but watch out for mixers. If you want a soda or energy drink to stir into it, make sure it’s sugar-free.

Most beers are high in carbs, but lighter beers can have less. “Check the labels first,” says D’Agostino. “A lot of lighter beers provide the nutrition facts.” To avoid doing too much damage, D’Agostino recommends stopping your drinking at the first sign of a buzz. That’s a good way to get the best of both worlds—the relaxed feeling you want from alcohol without putting excessive stress on your system.

Get all 25 tips in our Holiday Survival Guide!

The post Your Holiday Survival Guide: Tips To Stay Lean This Season appeared first on Onnit Academy.

I’m going to share some of my favorite strategies for healthy vacationing, from foods and recipes that travel well (and still taste great) to workout tips that can keep you in shape. It’s the same advice I give my clients—who range from moms and dads to pro athletes and busy businesspeople—whenever they go away. You may even come back from your trip leaner than when you started.

How Do You Eat Healthy on a Long Road Trip?

If you’re currently following a diet, sticking to it while traveling can be extremely challenging. You’ve probably already given yourself permission to go off-plan because you’re on vacation, but, if you want to avoid weight gain, you shouldn’t give yourself license to eat anything and as much of it as you like. A better strategy is to focus on what I call controlling the “controllables.” That is, make the best nutrition decisions you can under whatever circumstances you find yourself in (give or take a few).

For example, you may be out to eat at a restaurant that specializes in decadent desserts. Of course you should indulge in the chocolate soufflé at the end of the meal, but maybe you want to pass on the dinner rolls and booze. They may not have the nitrite-free salami you usually buy for keto snacks at the next gas station on the highway, but that doesn’t mean you cave in and eat the microwave pizza they offer instead. My point is that you can’t always control the food around you, but you can control what and how much you eat.

You can avoid being at the mercy of roadside food service by planning ahead and packing foods that will last in the car. Great non-refrigerated options include:

• Nuts

• Seeds

• Beef or turkey jerky

• dehydrated fruit

• dehydrated veggies

• tuna or salmon packets (many of these come pre-seasoned and are tasty right out of the bag)

All of the above are portable and durable, and can fit for most diets. They won’t take up much room in a travel bag, and they don’t mind being squished (should your luggage, or, perhaps, a small child in the backseat, happen to fall on them). They’re also pretty inexpensive; so it’s hard to justify a trip through a fast-food window for the sake of price and convenience. Furthermore, these snacks pack some serious nutrition. The jerky, tuna, and salmon are all protein-rich, which helps keep you full. You might easily eat a whole bag of pretzels or chips without giving it much thought (especially if you’re distracted by the road), but it’s hard to overeat high-protein foods, so you won’t take in huge numbers of calories that you can’t burn off. Protein foods also require more energy to digest than carb- or fat-rich foods, so your body burns more calories just by eating them.

Tuna and salmon have the added bonus of being good sources of omega-3s, essential fats that you have to get from your diet because your body doesn’t make them. Omega-3s offer a huge range of benefits, including supporting brain, heart, and joint health.

Nuts and seeds are high in fat and fiber, which, like protein, can be satiating, making them a better snack alternative than processed foods that are largely devoid of both.

Meanwhile, fruits and veggies—even dehydrated—are all loaded with vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants that help keep your immune system going strong. They’re also high in fiber. Of course, whole fruits and vegetables are fine too, and harder to overeat than the dehydrated variety, but they’re a bit more difficult to travel with (an overripe banana that gets crushed under a seat will make an awful mess and smell up the car in no time). Just think ahead and pre-wash them before you pack, so you can take them out of your bag and start noshing right away.

If you’re going long distances between rest stops and food options, you’ll also need to invest in a good cooler to pack some quality meals that last.

My crew had its share of road trips this summer, and we had two coolers that kept our cold foods cold for days on end—literally. For longer trips, we always take our OtterBox Venture 65 ($350), which, when packed properly, can keep ice for up to 16 days. It holds 65 quarts—that’s 36 12-oz cans, to put it in beer terms (because, well, you’re on vacation after all). It’s 40 inches long, and nearly 19 inches wide as well as high. The Venture 65 features an accessory mounting system so you can attach add-ons like a bottle opener and dry storage tray. Plus, as the video on their website proclaims, the cooler is “certified bear resistant… Can you say the same about your tent?”

And for those shorter trips, our OtterBox Trooper LT 30 ($300) is perfect. At 21 inches long, 17 wide, and 11 deep, this cooler has a soft outer shell and opens easily for quick access. Its main selling point is that it doubles as a backpack, so you can take it out of the car and onto the trails with you. It holds 30 quarts and is leak-proof.

Good food choices that need refrigeration include the following:

• Hard-boiled eggs

• Greek or Icelandic yogurt

• Individual kefir milks

• Organic cheese cubes, sticks, or slices

• Organic nitrite-free deli meats

• Hummus

Eggs have always been a potent and low-cost protein source, and when they’re hard-boiled, you can’t beat the convenience. (Get the organic, omega-3 rich, pasture-raised kind if you can.) Greek and Icelandic yogurt are high in protein but, unlike most other yogurts (such as those with fruit on the bottom), have less sugar per serving. If plain yogurt is too bland for you, add your own fruit or non-nutritive sweetener. (Again, organic dairy is preferable.) As with eggs, yogurt is also pretty easy to eat in a car or RV and doesn’t require much cleanup.

“What the heck is kefir,” you say? It’s essentially a drinkable yogurt that’s rich in probiotics—bacteria that support a healthy gut.

Of course, sandwiches are a traditional road-trip eating staple, and there’s no reason they can’t be healthy if you make a couple smart substitutions. Multigrain bread is a better choice than white, and for the greatest assurance of good nutrition and food safety, use certified organic meats and cheeses. Spread on some grainy mustard, or use hummus for even more fiber, add a tomato slice, and voila—you’ve got yourself a pretty satisfying (and lean) sandwich.

If you don’t have much time to pack before you hit the road and have to stock up at a gas station, you’re not without options. And, no, I’m not talking about the cheese-filled rolling hot dogs that have been rotating under glass since Hulk Hogan was the world heavyweight champ, or anything that leaves your fingers a strange, neon orange glow.

Most gas stations these days have peeled hard-boiled eggs, snack packs with cheese, nuts and dried fruit, deli meat sandwiches, and subs. For the latter, get two sandwiches/subs if you can, double the meat, and halve the bread, so you have one big sandwich that’s protein-packed. Fresh fruit, beef jerky, nuts, seeds, dark chocolate (85% or higher cocoa), protein bars, organic individual milks, fruit pouches, and nut butter packs are almost certainly going to be available as well, so don’t think you have to starve yourself till you reach your destination.

Maintaining a Healthy Diet While Camping Or Hiking

Camping out doesn’t mean you have to leave the discipline of your kitchen entirely behind. When you’re planning to eat out under the stars, think of foods that don’t need refrigeration, even if you do have a cooler. Cans and pouches of wild-caught tuna, salmon, or sardines can be incredibly valuable whether you are out in the backcountry, or just want to keep food options simple while car camping. Grass-fed beef jerky, along with alternatives such as turkey, chicken, and even salmon jerky are all amazing options that are portable, convenient, tasty, and a great source of protein and micronutrients like sodium (which can help replenish what you sweat out on a long hike).

One of my favorite campsite-friendly foods is aged, hard cheese, and not just because I grew up in an Italian family in Jersey. Parmigiano-Reggiano packs 11 grams of protein per one ounce (about the size of a pair of dice), and doesn’t need to be refrigerated! Ounce for ounce, that’s more protein than chicken, beef or fish (those each offer about seven grams per ounce). Parmigiano-Reggiano can be cubed up to make a delicious savory trail mix. (While I argued that gas station fare can be OK earlier, I’d skip their trail mixes. They’re usually more M&M’s and added sugar than nuts and dried fruit.)

What exactly is a “savory trail mix?” I like at least a 2:1 ratio of nuts to dried fruit, a little jerky, and cubes of dry aged cheese. The dried fruit offers some carbs and potassium to fuel your hikes, and the rest of the mix really serves to curb hunger. Added sugar can cause energy crashes later and hinders endurance activities, so a quality fat and protein combination is a better choice to help keep you going on long walks in the woods.

Here’s the exact recipe I make for my family.

Savory Trail Mix

• 4 handfuls salted pecans, almonds, pistachios, or walnuts (we add salt to replace the sodium that’s lost in sweat)

• 3 oz (that’s the size of 3 pairs of dice) cubed Parmigiano-Reggiano cheese

• 2 handfuls dehydrated fruit (raisins, figs, dates, apricots, blueberries, etc.)

Athletes and active people tend to obsess over protein and agonize over carbs, but it’s important to remember that whole fruit is good, both for the fluids it provides, which you’ll certainly need when being active outdoors, and for its vitamins and minerals. There are plenty of fruits and vegetables that can withstand a little beating in your cooler, backpack, or even some jostling around in the back of your car. Here’s a reminder of what they are:

• Apples
• Avocados
• Berries (just be sure to pack them in a non-squishable container, or the dry storage top that comes with the OtterBox Venture cooler I suggested earlier)
• Carrots
• Oranges
• Mini peppers (great for snacking!)

Now let’s talk about grilling. Most campsites will have a grill that makes cooking a breeze (or twigs, rocks, and fire starters can make for a safe cooking environment, too). If you want to take it to the next level, consider the Looft Lighter X, a battery-operated fire starter that will light your fire in 60 seconds, guaranteed (thanks to forced air that heats up to 1200 degrees).

Leaner cuts of meat or fish will offer lots of protein with fewer calories, and all can be cooked effectively over a flame. Vegetables and potatoes make good sides.

Here are a few of my go-to camping eats.

Breakfast

Breakfast Skillet Hash

Refrigerated egg products like Egg Beaters® cut down on mess, cook quickly, and can add protein and versatility to many meals. Here’s an awesome recipe for breakfast hash.

Servings: 4

INGREDIENTS

• 2 tbsp. olive oil

• 1 large sweet potato, peeled and diced (the smaller the dice, the faster it will cook)

• ½ cup chopped onion

• ½ tsp. dried Italian seasoning, crushed

• ¼ tsp. garlic powder

• ¼ tsp. black pepper

• ⅛ tsp. salt

• 2 cups fresh baby spinach

• ½ cup refrigerated, cooked, crumbled turkey sausage

• 1 ½ cups refrigerated egg product (like Egg Beaters®)

• ½ cup shredded mozzarella

NOTE: Mix all the ingredients from the sweet potato to the spinach together ahead of time in a resealable plastic container.

DIRECTIONS

Step 1. Light firewood or charcoal and let the campfire burn down to medium-hot embers, or coals. Top with a grill rack.

Step 2. Heat a 10-inch cast iron skillet over the campfire for 5 minutes, or until very hot. Add the oil to the skillet, and the mixed ingredients noted above, stirring occasionally.

Step 3. Add the sausage. Cook 5 minutes more, or until the vegetables are tender, stirring frequently.

Step 4. Add the egg product. Cook, without stirring, until the mixture begins to set on bottom and around the edges. Using a spatula or large spoon, lift and fold the partially cooked egg mixture so the uncooked portion flows underneath. Continue cooking 2 to 3 minutes, or until the egg mixture is cooked through but is still glossy and moist. Sprinkle with the cheese.

Lunch and Snacks

Camping Charcuterie

Here’s how to bring an assortment of no-fuss foods together for a balanced meal.

Step 1. Pick a cured meat and a cheese

Step 2. Add sliced veggies and fruits

Step 3. Lay out a nut- or seed-based cracker

Step 4. Fill in with olives, pickles, or dips

All-natural deli meats need to be kept cold, but they also pack easily. Rolling up a slice around matchstick veggies, leafy greens, and cheese if you choose makes a quick lunch. Dip in hummus or mustard for a little added flavor. Nut- and seed-based crackers are more fibrous and filling than wheat-based ones, so you should eat fewer of them.

Apple Salami Bites

INGREDIENTS

• 1 apple

• 6 slices salami

• 1/2 avocado, sliced

• Organic cheddar cheese (optional)

DIRECTIONS

Step 1. Core apple and slice horizontally. Top each slice with a piece of salami. Finish off with sliced avocado. If using cheese, place between the salami and avocado.

Snack Time Skewers

One way to organize a lot of low-fuss, grab-and-go foods is to lay them out ahead of time and run a sword through them, so to speak. Skewering lunch meats, cheeses, fruits, and veggies combines them for a meal you can take on the go, and controls your portions automatically.

INGREDIENTS

Options:

• Thick cut all-natural salami

• Nitrate/nitrite-free deli meat

• Fresh mozzarella or cubed cheddar

• Bell peppers, chopped

• Cherry or grape tomatoes

• Apple, chopped

• Olives

• Cucumber, thick sliced

• Fresh berries

DIRECTIONS

After selecting and cutting your preferred ingredients, carefully add them to snack-sized skewers. As many ingredients as you can comfortably fit on the skewer is one serving. Eat right away, or store in baggies or containers to eat on the trail, or while driving.

Dinner

Grilled Salmon with Sweet Peppers

Servings: 4

INGREDIENTS

• 1 ¼ pounds skin-on salmon fillet, cut into 4 portions

• 1 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil

• ½ tsp. kosher salt, divided into two ¼ teaspoons

• 1 pound sweet mini bell peppers

• 2 medium red onions, quartered
  

DIRECTIONS

Step 1. Preheat a gas grill to high, build a fire in a charcoal grill, or build a campfire and let it burn down to high heat (about 500 degrees F).

Step 2. Brush or drizzle salmon with the oil and sprinkle with 1/4 teaspoon salt. Sprinkle peppers and onions with the remaining 1/4 teaspoon salt.

Step 3. Oil the grill rack. Place the salmon, skin-side up, on the grill, along with the peppers and onions. Grill the salmon until browned, 3 to 4 minutes.

Step 4. Using a metal spatula, gently nudge one of the salmon pieces: it should release from the grill without much force, but if it feels stuck, continue cooking for another minute. When the salmon releases easily, flip and continue cooking until browned and the flesh is opaque, about 3 minutes more. Cook the peppers and onions, turning frequently, until tender and well browned—8 to 10 minutes total.

Pan-Roasted Campfire Veggies

Servings: 4

INGREDIENTS

• 1 tbsp. water

• 1 tbsp. reduced-sodium soy sauce

• 2 tsp. cider vinegar

• 1 tsp. Sriracha sauce, or more if desired

• 2 tsp. canola oil

• 1 (8 oz) package whole fresh button mushrooms

• 8 miniature sweet peppers

• ½ cup grape tomatoes

DIRECTIONS

Step 1. Light firewood or charcoal and let the campfire burn down to medium-hot embers or coals. Top with a grill rack. Heat a 10-inch cast iron skillet over the campfire for 5 minutes, or until very hot.

Step 2. While the skillet heats, add the water, soy sauce, vinegar, and sriracha sauce to a small bowl and stir together.

Step 3. Add the oil to the skillet. Add the mushrooms and sweet peppers, and cook 8 to 10 minutes, or until the vegetables begin to char, stirring once or twice.

Step 4. Add the sauce, and cook until slightly reduced. Add the tomatoes, and cook 1 minute more, stirring to coat the vegetables with sauce. Serve immediately, or at room temperature.

Dessert

Here’s a little twist on a classic treat that includes bananas for some added potassium—always a good way to replenish after a long day of hiking.

Banana S’Mohrs (see what I did there?)

INGREDIENTS

• 1 medium ripe banana

• 2 tbsp. mini marshmallows

• 1 tbsp. dark chocolate chips

• Graham crackers (optional)

DIRECTIONS

Step 1. Cut through the peel on the inside curve of the banana with a paring knife. Peel the banana open from the cut, but leave the banana in the peel.

Step 2. Being careful not to cut through the bottom peel, cut the banana in half lengthwise; then cut crosswise in 1/4-inch intervals. Gently mash the marshmallows into the sliced spaces in the banana, and then top with chocolate chips.

Step 3. Tear off a 12-inch square of heavy-duty aluminum foil. Place the prepared banana in the middle of the foil, and crimp the foil closed.

Step 4. Prepare a campfire and let it burn down to the coals. Cook the packet 4 to 6 inches above the coals until the s’more is warm and melty—7 to 10 minutes. Use graham crackers for scooping, or, to go gluten-free and cut carbs, eat it with a spoon.

If you want to make the s’mores ahead of time, assemble the packets and store in a refrigerator or cold cooler for up to 1 day.

Keto Snacks for the Road or Off the Beaten Trail

Much of what I’ve listed above can fit a keto diet or low-carb lifestyle. If that’s how you like to eat, here are a few more options that you can use to fuel your next adventure.

• Celery sticks filled with nut butter or cream cheese
• Avocado on parmesan cheese crisps
• DIY keto snack box. (Get a portioned container and put a hard-boiled egg, deli meat, chopped cucumbers and zucchini, and cheese in the different compartments.)
• Red peppers wrapped in turkey
• Keto-friendly protein bars

Hydration

Long days on the trails mean you have to be conscious of hydration, especially if you’re drinking alcohol. Have an insulated, refillable bottle topped off with water with you at all times. If you plan to be out hiking or exercising for an hour or more, an electrolyte-containing sports drink like HYDRATech^™ Instant is even better. My favorite non-water, non-alcohol beverage is Health-Ade Kombucha. A fermented tea drink, it contains probiotics that aid gut health, but it also can be used as a mixer for alcoholic drinks, so it serves a dual purpose on my vacations.

How To Stay Fit Without A Gym

For many people, the thing they miss most about being away from home is their gym. It can be hard to find a good one that has the equipment or atmosphere you want, and these days, you can’t predict if they’ll even be open when you want to go. The next best thing is to pack some light equipment to take with you. Bands, kettlebells, selectorized dumbbells, a suspension trainer, and/or weighted vest are all useful options to help you get in a workout anywhere.

Interestingly, the OtterBox Trooper LT 30 cooler I mentioned above can easily double as a weighted vest. It’s about seven pounds by itself, and is surprisingly comfortable when worn as a backpack; it won’t limit your mobility.

Of course, you always have your own bodyweight, which is more than enough to provide challenging workouts for the week or so that you’re away from the weights.

Simple bodyweight exercises include:

• Pushups (all variations)

• Air squats, jump squats

• Plank, side plank, plank walks, inchworms

• Lunges (all variations), with added backpack resistance, if needed

• Stepups onto a table, cooler, stump, rock, etc.

• Pullups, on a beam, pipe, solid tree branch, etc.

To illustrate, check out these sample workouts that require just your bodyweight, light dumbbells, or bands.

Kettlebells and steel clubs can be easy to travel with too, and will expand your workout options. A 16-kilo bell/20-pound club if you’re a man, or 8kg bell/15-pound club if you’re a woman, don’t take up much space in a back seat, trunk, or flat bed, but they’ll provide a multitude of exercises that can keep you fit on the road. See our beginner’s kettlebell workout and steel club starters’ guide if you need inspiration.

Get more nutrition info from Chris Mohr at mohrresults.com.

The post Healthy Snacks & Foods for Road Trips, Camping & Hiking appeared first on Onnit Academy.

But beef has another opponent to contend with, and it’s been here for centuries: bison.

Similar to beef both nutritionally and in terms of flavor, buffalo meat is an alternative to the cow (incidentally, “bison” is technically the correct term for the animal, but it’s come to be used interchangeably with “buffalo”).

Both bison and beef can be part of a healthy diet. But if you had to pick one big animal to take a bite out of, which one should you choose?

We compared beef and buffalo in every important category to determine the alpha protein on the range.

Is Bison Better than Beef?

*There are many cuts of both bison and beef available. To equate them as closely as possible, we chose top sirloin—a very lean cut preferred by athletes—for the macronutrients in the table. Also, as bison is mainly raised on pasture, we went with grass-fed beef in the example to match it. In other words, the table compares buffalo to the very best the beef world has to offer. More commonly found conventional beef would have approximately 230 calories, 23g protein, and 15g fat per four-ounce serving.

WINNER: Bison

Why Bison Wins (By A Horn)

Buffalo Meat is Better Quality

Across all cuts, buffalo meat is lower in calories and fat than beef is, and higher in protein. A three to four-ounce serving of bison ribeye has 177 calories, 6 grams fat, and 30 grams protein compared to a typical beef ribeye, which contains 265 calories, 17 grams fat, and 27 grams protein. According to the USDA, bison burgers have 152 calories and 7 grams fat, which is less than even a 90% lean beef burger (184 calories and 10 grams fat) and a 93% lean turkey burger (176 calories and 10 grams fat). Bison offers more omega-3 fats than beef, and a better omega-6 to omega-3 ratio.

Bison doesn’t give up any micronutrition to beef either. It’s higher in B vitamins than beef—critical nutrients that support energy levels, memory, and mood—as well as copper, potassium, and zinc. Reader’s Digest even recommended it as one of the best sources of iron for pregnant women, who tend to be anemic more often than men due to menstruation.

Research supports bison as being heart-healthier too. A study published in Nutrition Research in 2013 compared the effects of consuming bison versus beef. Ten healthy men ate 12 ounces of either beef or bison per day, six days per week, for seven weeks. Then, after a 30-day “washout” to clear their systems, the bison-eaters switched to beef and vice versa for another seven weeks. Researchers concluded that “in terms of vascular health, bison meat appears to provide a healthier alternative to red meat.” In fact, after a single beef meal, harmful oxidized LDL cholesterol levels were elevated. The same changes did not occur after eating buffalo.

If you’re concerned about how your meat was raised (and you should be), bison is the safer choice every time. “All bison spend the majority of their life grazing on pasture,” says Dave Carter, Executive Director of the National Bison Association, a non-profit organization of bison producers. “Some are finished with grain, sometimes in a feedlot,” meaning that they’ll eat grain feed just as most cows do to fatten them up a bit in the last few months before slaughter so they yield more meat. But Carter says that, even if the bison are forced to spend some time fenced in, they get a lot more space than cows do. Bison aren’t as easily controlled as cattle, so it’s much harder for ranchers to keep them in confined quarters like cows are where they can be mistreated and develop diseases.

In fact, it’s more advantageous for buffalo ranchers to treat their livestock well. “If there’s stress on the animal, it won’t produce good meat,” says Carter. “One thing you can be sure of with all bison is that it’s produced without growth hormones or antibiotics. It’s illegal to use them. And most of the bison producers have independent auditors come in to test them.”

OK, But How Do I Cook Bison?

Buffalo meat is drier than beef due to its leanness, so it cooks faster. Carter recommends salting it and brushing it with olive oil to lock in the natural juices. Then be careful not to cook it past medium or it will be too tough. “The biggest mistake is that people dump on so many seasonings they lose the great bison taste,” says Carter, so keep it simple. “If you’re going to pay a premium for bison meat, you should taste it.”

Raising Buffalo is Better for the Environment

According to Carter, 30–40% of ecosystems around the world are grasslands. These draw in carbon, taking it out of the atmosphere and producing oxygen, thereby fighting climate change. “Whether it’s the high plains of North America or the Sahara in Africa, they evolved with grazing animals. These animals get a black eye for being so-called terrible carbon producers, but if you didn’t have them, the environment would collapse.”

Carter says grasslands overgrow, creating 30% more matter than can decompose every year. Without bison to chew some of it up, “grassland will essentially choke itself out.” To be fair, buffalo do fart out carbon just as cows do, but there are far fewer of them—there are a mere 500,000 in the U.S. versus nearly 100 million head of cattle. And bison consume less. “It takes 35 acres to support one cow,” says Carter. Bison by nature must eat different grasses at different times of the year, so the animals are cycled through grazing lands, which promotes sustainability.

Furthermore, Carter says bison are better designed by nature to care for the earth. “Bison hooves are more pointed than cattle hooves, so they tend to stir the soil and push seeds down further. Their bodies make depressions in the ground that capture moisture and return it to the soil.” Buffalo drink less water than cattle and are more resistant to extreme weather, so they can forage for their own food even in a harsh winter and don’t require the same amount of resources that cows do.

Buying Bison Can Support Native Americans

 

 

 

 

 

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At the @soilnotoilcoalition International Conference this weekend, @tankafund is focused on putting buffalo and prairie restoration front and center as a solution to climate destabilization. Let’s go beyond organic, grass-fed, beyond local. Let’s re-indigenize our food systems and landscapes! #reindigenize #restoreandrenew #supportthereturn #bringbackbuffalo

A post shared by Tanka Fund (@tankafund) on Aug 2, 2016 at 12:21pm PDT

Bison were the staple food of Native American tribes until the latter half of the 19th century, when their population was decimated by disease (brought over from European cattle, says Carter), reckless over-hunting, and anti-Indian U.S. government policy at the time. As a result, the health, culture, and economy of Native Americans has suffered since. Fortunately, a large contingent of the bison industry supports the restoration of bison on Native American land and the resurgence of their community.

The Tanka Fund, created through a partnership between Native American Natural Foods (NANF) and the Indian Land Tenure Foundation, develops the assets needed to supply land to Native Americans to raise their own bison and bring it to market. Their goal is to convert one million acres of land to Native American buffalo producers in order to benefit tribal nations.  You can make a donation at the link found here

https://tankafund.org/return/

Resources

1. National Bison Association

https://www.bisoncentral.com/

2. Bison edges beef in nutrition study

https://www.research.va.gov/currents/summer2013/summer2013-10.cfm

3. 5 Super Foods For Women

https://www.rd.com/health/healthy-eating/5-super-foods-for-women/

4. Feeding Bison

https://extension.usu.edu/behave/files/uploads/Bison-Choice/Feeding%20bison.pdf

The post Bison vs Beef – Which Red Meat Reigns Supreme? appeared first on Onnit Academy.